Antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from bronchial secretions in an Intensive Care Unit
Abstract
The appearance and spread of multiresistant bacteria is a challenge for public health systems. To analyze antimicrobial susceptibility, categorize multi-resistance and ESBL production, information was collected on bacterial isolates from bronchial secretions of ICU patients, registered at the General Hospital of the City of Piñas-Ecuador (2020-2021). The resistance of the GNB ranged between 62-100%, for III and IV generation cephalosporins, aztreonam and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. For piperacillin/tazobactan it was 75% in P. aeruginosa and 62.5% in E. coli. A. baumanii was 100% sensitive to carbapenems, for E. coli the resistance was 12.5%. P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae showed values higher than 34% for imipenem and meropenem. Ciprofloxacin resistance was greater than 70%, except for A. baumannii (33.3%). For aminoglycosides it ranged between 33-75%, except for amikacin in E. coli (12.5%). A baumannii presented the MDR pattern (100%), K. pneumoniae(MDR:58.6%; XDR:34.5%; PDR: 6.9%;) and P. aeruginosa(MDR:53.6%; XDR :39.3%; PDR: 7.1%;) showed the three resistance phenotypes. 25% of the isolates produced ESBL, of them. 87.75% corresponded to E. coli and 34.5% to K. pneumoniae. Multiresistance and ESBL production in GNB are problems of great magnitude in Ecuadorian hospitals.
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