Investigación patológica de las roturas de DNA de doble cadena y la oxidación del DNA en la infección natural por Mycobacterium avium subespecie paratuberculosis en cabras

• Muhammet Bahaeddin Dörtbudak Harran University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology. Sanliurfa, Türkiye
• Merve Öztürk Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine. Konya, Türkiye

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e34380

Palabras clave: Cabra, MAP, paratuberculosis, γ–H2AX, 8–Ohdg

Resumen

La paratuberculosis, provocada por Mycobacterium avium subespecie paratuberculosis (MAP), se manifiesta como una afección crónica marcada por diarrea persistente y enteritis granulomatosa, generalizada en rumiantes domésticos y salvajes del mundo. En esta investigación se evaluó patológicamente la alteración del DNA en tejidos lesionados de cabra infectada naturalmente por MAP. En consecuencia, las cabras que manifestaban síntomas sugestivos de paratuberculosis, incluida emaciación pronunciada y diarrea episódica continua, se sometieron a un procedimiento de diagnóstico ELISA para determinar la presencia de MAP. Este procedimiento de diagnóstico confirmó la presencia del agente infección en 20 pacientes. A continuación, se practicó la eutanasia a estos pacientes y se tomaron muestras de tejido de los ganglios linfáticos intestinales y regionales. Se sometieron a tinción de Hematoxilina y Eosina (HE) para la investigación histopatológica, tinción de Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) para identificar micobacterias acidorresistentes, γ–H2AX para discernir alteraciones en el DNA de doble cadena y 8–Ohdg para detectar la oxidación del DNA mediante el método inmunohistoquímico (IHQ). Observación anatómica macroscópica atrofia adiposa serosa, aumento de las dimensiones de los ganglios linfáticos mesenteriales, hipertrofia mucosa y ondulaciones mucosas no retráctiles. La evaluación histológica destacó degeneración celular epitelial, abundancia de macrófagos epitelioides, linfocitos, plasmocitos, infiltrados en la mucosa. Las entidades ácido–alcohol resistentes, distinguibles mediante tinción de ZN, aparecían como conglomerados rojos luminiscentes en el tejido intestinal y mesenterial. Los análisis inmunohistoquímicos mostraron resultados positivos tanto para γ–H2AX como para 8–Ohdg en todos los tejidos muestreados. Curiosamente, esta investigación presentó la evidencia global inaugural de la expresión de γ–H2AX y 8–Ohdg en una infección natural por MAP, demostrando que este agente patológico precipita la degradación y oxidación del DNA, con lo que aumenta la comprensión de la patogénesis de la enfermedad.

Citas

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