Ancient philosophy and its cultural-historical transcendence
Abstract
Ancient philosophy is characterized by the human need to understand and explain the cosmos from a rational perspective, not attached to the mythical conception, but from its mechanical and natural functionality. For this reason, the research establishes the objective of analyzing the philosophical ideas raised in antiquity, pointing out how they influence contemporary thought, highlighting their social, historical and cultural relevance. Among the main findings, it is highlighted how the Sumerian, Egyptian and Mycenaean civilizations contributed fundamental concepts that, with the subsequent rupture with myth, gave rise to the logos that would define Greek thought. It also highlights the presence of the philosophers of the phisys, the introduction of metaphysics with Parmenides, as well as the consolidation of classical philosophy, represented in figures such as Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. Plato and Aristotle. This is qualitative research, oriented by the method of documentary exploration. It is concluded that ancient philosophy has transcended in time, placing itself in contemporary philosophical approaches, becoming a necessity to revitalize critical thinking today
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