Pesquisaje de lesiones neoplásicas de hígado: ¿Cómo llegar a ellas antes?
Screening for neoplastic liver lesions: How early can we get?
Palabras clave:
carcinoma hepatocelular, vigilancia, pesquisa, población de riesgo, detección
Resumen
El carcinoma hepatocelular(CHC) constituye uno de los principales canceres a nivel mundial representando la 5ª causa de cáncer y la 2ª causa de mortalidad por cáncer.Se ha reconocido a la cirrosis hepática como el factor de riesgo más importante para el desarrollo del CHC, sin embargo también puede desarrollarse en pacientes sin cirrosis.Usualmente cursa en forma asintomática hasta un estadio más avanzado cuando las opciones terapéuticas efectivas y curativas son limitadas.Por lo tanto se hace necesario un diagnostico en etapas tempranas de la enfermedad, cuando el tumor es susceptible de ser tratado con lo cual se mejora la sobrevida.Por estas razones es mandatorio la identificación de la población de elevado riesgo y aplicar la pesquisa y vigilancia a estos pacientes, cuyo objetivo es reducir la mortalidad Esta debe ser costo efectivo,por lo que las asociaciones de hígado recomiendan el ultrasonido solo o en combinación con la determinación de alfa fetoproteína cada seis meses.
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World Health Organisation International Agency for Research on Cancer Globalcan 2012,Summary Statistic http://gco.iarc.fr/today/home
Forner A,Reig M, Bruix J, Hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet 2018;391:1301-1314
Fateen W, Ryder SD Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma: patient selection and perspectives J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2017 May17;4:71-79. Doi:10.2147/JHC.S105777.PMID:2888553624;PMCID:PMC5440035.
De Lope CR,Tremosini S,Forner A Reig M, Bruix J. Management of HCC J. Hepatol 2012;56:Suppl 1: S75-S87 [PMID:2300468 DOI:10.1016/S0168-8278(12))60009
Harris RP, Wilt TJ, Qaseem A, A value framework for cancer screening:advice for high-value care from the American College of Physicians Ann Intern Med 2015;162:12-717
Giannini EG, Cuchetti A, Erroi V, Garoti F, Odaldi F,Trevisan F World J Gastroenterol 2013, 21;19(47):8808-88821
European association for the Study of the Liver EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines :management of hepatocellular carcinoma J.Hepatol 2018, Jul;69(1):182-236
Heinbach JK, Kulik LM, Finn RS , et al : AASLD guidelines for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatology.2018;67:358-380
Omata M, Cheng AL, Kokudo N et al. Asian-Pacific clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma: an update.Hepatol int 2017;11:317-370.
Sarasin FP, Giostra E, Hadengue A. Cost-efectiveness of screening for detection of small hepatocellular carcinoma in western patients with Child-Pugh class A cirrosis. Am J Med.1996 Oct;101(4):422-34.doi:10,1016/S0002-9343(96)00197-0.PMID:8873514.
Sherman M, Furlan A Marin D Agnello F,Martino Di M, Marco Di V, et al Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma. Best Prac. Res. Clin Gastroenterol.2014;28:83-973
Diaz-Gonzalez A, Forner A . Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma. Best Prac Res Clin Gastroenterol 2016;30:1001-1010.
Trevisani F, Santi V, Gramenzi A, Di Nolfo MA , l Poggio P, D Benvegnu L et al. Surveillance for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma :is it effective in intermediate/advanced cirrhosis Am J Gastroenterol, 102(11), 2448-2457. http://doi.org/10.11/j.1572-0241.2007.01395.
Marrero JA, Kulik LM, Sirlin CB et al Diagnosis, staging and management of hepatocellular carcinoma:2018 Practice Guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases . Hepatology ,2018;68:723-750.
Loomba R, Liu J, Yang HI, Lee MH, Lu SN ,Wang LY et al .Synergistic effects of family history of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B visrus infection on risk for incident hepatocellular carcinoma .Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;11:1636-1645.e3
Terrault NA, Bzowej NH, Chang KM, et el. AASLD guidelines for treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology. 2016;63:261-283
Frenette CT, Isaacson AJJ, Bargellini I, et al. A practical guideline for hepatocellular carcinoma screening in patients at risk. Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes.2019;3:302-310.
Lok AS, Seef LB, Morgan TR , Di Bisceglie AM, Sterling RK, Curto TM et al Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and associated risk factors in hepatitis C-related advanced liver disease Gastroenterology 2009;136:138-148.
Masuzaki R, Tateishi R, Yoshida H, Sato S, Kato N, Kanai F, et al. Risk assesment of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C patients by transient elastography J Clin gastroenterol 2008;42:839-843.
Yoshida H, Shiratori Y, Moriyama M., Arakawa Y, Ide T, Sata M et al, Interferon therapy reduces the risk for hepatocellular carcinoma: national surveillance programs of cirrhotic and non cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C in Japan Amm Intern Med 1999;131-174
Ioannu GN, Green PK, Berry K . HCV eradication induced by direct-acting antiviral agents reduces the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatol 2017;Sepp 5.piiiS0168-8278(17)3273-0.doi:190,1016/j.jhep.2017.08.030
Perumpail RB, Wong RJ AhmedA. Et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma in the setting of the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the metabolic syndrome:US experience. Dig Dis sci 60, 3142-3148 (2015). http:/doi.org10.1007/s10620-015-3821-7.
Deugnier YM, Guyader D, Crantockk L, Lopez JM, Turlin B Yaouang J et al. Primary liver cancer in genetic hemocromatosis: a clinical, pathological ,, and pathogenetic study of 54 cases. Gastroenterology. 1993 Jan:104(1):228-34.doi:10.1016/0016
Perlmutter DH .Pathogenesis of crhonic liver injury and hepatocellular carcinoma in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. Pediatr Res. 2006 Aug;60(2):233-8.doi:10.1203/01.pdr.00002288350.61496.90.PMID:16864711.
Singal A, Volk ML, Waljee A, Salgia R, Higgins P, Rogers MA, Marrero JA. Meta-analysis:surveillance with ultrasound for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis . Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Jul;30((1):3-47.doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04014.x.Epub 2009 Apr 8.PMID
Bolondi L, Sofia S, Siringo S, Gaiani S, Casali A, Zironi G. Surveillance programme of cirrhotic patients for early diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma:a cost effectiveness analysis. Gut.2001 Feb;48 (2):251-9.doi:10.1136/gut.48.2.251
Gupta S, Bent S Kohwels J, Test characteristics of alpha fetoprotein for detecting hepatocellullar carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C A systemic review and critical analysis. Ann Intern Med 2003 Jul 1;139(1):46-50.doi 10.7326/0003-48819-139-1-200307010-00012.PMID:128834318.
Di Bisceglie AM, Sterling RK, Chung RT et al Serum alpha fetoprotein levels in patients with advanced hepatitis C:results from the HALT-C trial J Hepatol.2005 Sep;43(3):434-41.doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2005.03.019.PMID 16136646
Giannini EG Marenco S, Borgonovo G, Savarino V, Farinati F, Del Poggio P et al Alpha fetoprotein has no prognostic role in small hepatocellular carcinoma identified during surveillance in compensated cirrhosis. Hepatology 2012 Oct;56(4): 1371-9.doi:10.1002/hep.25814. PMID:22535689
Sherman M serological surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma: time to quit J Hepatol 2010;52:614-615 PMID:20185193 doi:10.1016/j.hep.2009.11.026
Kudo M, Izumi N, Kokudo N, Matsui O, Sakamoto M, Nakashima O, et al. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan:Consensus-based Clinical Practice Guidelines proposed by the Japan Society of Hepatology ((JSH) 2010: updated version Dig Dis 2011;29:339-364 PMID:21829027.doi:10.1159/000327577
Johnson PJ, Pirrie SJ, Cox TF, Berhanes, Teng MJ, Palmer DT et al. The detection of hepatocellular carcinoma using a prospectively developed and validated model based on serological biomarkers Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2014 Jan;23(1):144-53.doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0870.Epub 2013 Nov 12.PMID:24220911
Sato T, Tateishi R, Yoshida H , Ohki T, Masuzaki R, Imamura J, et al Ultrasound surveillance for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with chronic hepatitis C Hepatol Int. 2009 Dec;3(4):544-50.doi:10.1007/s12072-009-9145-y. Epub 2009 Aug 6 PMID: 19669240;PMCID:PPMC2790585
Forner A,Reig M, Bruix J, Hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet 2018;391:1301-1314
Fateen W, Ryder SD Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma: patient selection and perspectives J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2017 May17;4:71-79. Doi:10.2147/JHC.S105777.PMID:2888553624;PMCID:PMC5440035.
De Lope CR,Tremosini S,Forner A Reig M, Bruix J. Management of HCC J. Hepatol 2012;56:Suppl 1: S75-S87 [PMID:2300468 DOI:10.1016/S0168-8278(12))60009
Harris RP, Wilt TJ, Qaseem A, A value framework for cancer screening:advice for high-value care from the American College of Physicians Ann Intern Med 2015;162:12-717
Giannini EG, Cuchetti A, Erroi V, Garoti F, Odaldi F,Trevisan F World J Gastroenterol 2013, 21;19(47):8808-88821
European association for the Study of the Liver EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines :management of hepatocellular carcinoma J.Hepatol 2018, Jul;69(1):182-236
Heinbach JK, Kulik LM, Finn RS , et al : AASLD guidelines for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatology.2018;67:358-380
Omata M, Cheng AL, Kokudo N et al. Asian-Pacific clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma: an update.Hepatol int 2017;11:317-370.
Sarasin FP, Giostra E, Hadengue A. Cost-efectiveness of screening for detection of small hepatocellular carcinoma in western patients with Child-Pugh class A cirrosis. Am J Med.1996 Oct;101(4):422-34.doi:10,1016/S0002-9343(96)00197-0.PMID:8873514.
Sherman M, Furlan A Marin D Agnello F,Martino Di M, Marco Di V, et al Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma. Best Prac. Res. Clin Gastroenterol.2014;28:83-973
Diaz-Gonzalez A, Forner A . Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma. Best Prac Res Clin Gastroenterol 2016;30:1001-1010.
Trevisani F, Santi V, Gramenzi A, Di Nolfo MA , l Poggio P, D Benvegnu L et al. Surveillance for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma :is it effective in intermediate/advanced cirrhosis Am J Gastroenterol, 102(11), 2448-2457. http://doi.org/10.11/j.1572-0241.2007.01395.
Marrero JA, Kulik LM, Sirlin CB et al Diagnosis, staging and management of hepatocellular carcinoma:2018 Practice Guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases . Hepatology ,2018;68:723-750.
Loomba R, Liu J, Yang HI, Lee MH, Lu SN ,Wang LY et al .Synergistic effects of family history of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B visrus infection on risk for incident hepatocellular carcinoma .Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;11:1636-1645.e3
Terrault NA, Bzowej NH, Chang KM, et el. AASLD guidelines for treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology. 2016;63:261-283
Frenette CT, Isaacson AJJ, Bargellini I, et al. A practical guideline for hepatocellular carcinoma screening in patients at risk. Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes.2019;3:302-310.
Lok AS, Seef LB, Morgan TR , Di Bisceglie AM, Sterling RK, Curto TM et al Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and associated risk factors in hepatitis C-related advanced liver disease Gastroenterology 2009;136:138-148.
Masuzaki R, Tateishi R, Yoshida H, Sato S, Kato N, Kanai F, et al. Risk assesment of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C patients by transient elastography J Clin gastroenterol 2008;42:839-843.
Yoshida H, Shiratori Y, Moriyama M., Arakawa Y, Ide T, Sata M et al, Interferon therapy reduces the risk for hepatocellular carcinoma: national surveillance programs of cirrhotic and non cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C in Japan Amm Intern Med 1999;131-174
Ioannu GN, Green PK, Berry K . HCV eradication induced by direct-acting antiviral agents reduces the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatol 2017;Sepp 5.piiiS0168-8278(17)3273-0.doi:190,1016/j.jhep.2017.08.030
Perumpail RB, Wong RJ AhmedA. Et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma in the setting of the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the metabolic syndrome:US experience. Dig Dis sci 60, 3142-3148 (2015). http:/doi.org10.1007/s10620-015-3821-7.
Deugnier YM, Guyader D, Crantockk L, Lopez JM, Turlin B Yaouang J et al. Primary liver cancer in genetic hemocromatosis: a clinical, pathological ,, and pathogenetic study of 54 cases. Gastroenterology. 1993 Jan:104(1):228-34.doi:10.1016/0016
Perlmutter DH .Pathogenesis of crhonic liver injury and hepatocellular carcinoma in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. Pediatr Res. 2006 Aug;60(2):233-8.doi:10.1203/01.pdr.00002288350.61496.90.PMID:16864711.
Singal A, Volk ML, Waljee A, Salgia R, Higgins P, Rogers MA, Marrero JA. Meta-analysis:surveillance with ultrasound for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis . Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Jul;30((1):3-47.doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04014.x.Epub 2009 Apr 8.PMID
Bolondi L, Sofia S, Siringo S, Gaiani S, Casali A, Zironi G. Surveillance programme of cirrhotic patients for early diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma:a cost effectiveness analysis. Gut.2001 Feb;48 (2):251-9.doi:10.1136/gut.48.2.251
Gupta S, Bent S Kohwels J, Test characteristics of alpha fetoprotein for detecting hepatocellullar carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C A systemic review and critical analysis. Ann Intern Med 2003 Jul 1;139(1):46-50.doi 10.7326/0003-48819-139-1-200307010-00012.PMID:128834318.
Di Bisceglie AM, Sterling RK, Chung RT et al Serum alpha fetoprotein levels in patients with advanced hepatitis C:results from the HALT-C trial J Hepatol.2005 Sep;43(3):434-41.doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2005.03.019.PMID 16136646
Giannini EG Marenco S, Borgonovo G, Savarino V, Farinati F, Del Poggio P et al Alpha fetoprotein has no prognostic role in small hepatocellular carcinoma identified during surveillance in compensated cirrhosis. Hepatology 2012 Oct;56(4): 1371-9.doi:10.1002/hep.25814. PMID:22535689
Sherman M serological surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma: time to quit J Hepatol 2010;52:614-615 PMID:20185193 doi:10.1016/j.hep.2009.11.026
Kudo M, Izumi N, Kokudo N, Matsui O, Sakamoto M, Nakashima O, et al. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan:Consensus-based Clinical Practice Guidelines proposed by the Japan Society of Hepatology ((JSH) 2010: updated version Dig Dis 2011;29:339-364 PMID:21829027.doi:10.1159/000327577
Johnson PJ, Pirrie SJ, Cox TF, Berhanes, Teng MJ, Palmer DT et al. The detection of hepatocellular carcinoma using a prospectively developed and validated model based on serological biomarkers Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2014 Jan;23(1):144-53.doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0870.Epub 2013 Nov 12.PMID:24220911
Sato T, Tateishi R, Yoshida H , Ohki T, Masuzaki R, Imamura J, et al Ultrasound surveillance for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with chronic hepatitis C Hepatol Int. 2009 Dec;3(4):544-50.doi:10.1007/s12072-009-9145-y. Epub 2009 Aug 6 PMID: 19669240;PMCID:PPMC2790585
Publicado
2021-07-21
Cómo citar
Escalante Bencomo, N. (2021). Pesquisaje de lesiones neoplásicas de hígado: ¿Cómo llegar a ellas antes? Screening for neoplastic liver lesions: How early can we get?. Revista Profesional HígadoSano, (21), 18-24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5120837
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