Abundancia de la proteína del factor de diferenciación del crecimiento 8 en los folículos ováricos y el cuerpo lúteo de gatos domésticos
Resumen
El Factor de Diferenciación del Crecimiento 8, miembro de la familia del Factor de Crecimiento Transformante Beta, desempeña un papel crucial en la dinámica ovárica. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivos: i) caracterizar los patrones de expresión de la proteína del Factor de Diferenciación del Crecimiento 8en los folículos ováricos y en el cuerpo lúteo de gatos domésticos, y ii) evaluar el efecto de las diferentes fases del ciclo reproductivo sobre la expresión ovárica del Factor de Diferenciación del Crecimiento 8. Se recolectaron ovarios de 28 hembras domésticas sanas sometidas a ovariohisterectomía electiva, clasificándose en fase folicular (n = 15) y luteal (n = 13). La expresión del Factor de Diferenciación del Crecimiento 8 se analizó mediante ensayos inmunoabsorbentes ligados a enzimas (ELISA) e inmunohistoquímica. En los folículos primordiales, la inmunorreactividad del Factor de Diferenciación del Crecimiento 8 se limitó al ovocito. En los folículos primarios y secundarios, tanto ovocitos como células de la granulosa mostraron tinción positiva, mientras que las células tecales permanecieron negativas. En los folículos antrales, el Factor de Diferenciación del Crecimiento 8 estuvo presente en ovocitos, células de la granulosa y líquido folicular, pero ausente en las células tecales. En el cuerpo lúteo, la intensidad de la inmunorreactividad del Factor de Diferenciación del Crecimiento 8 varió según la etapa de desarrollo: leve durante el desarrollo temprano y la fase de mantenimiento, intensa en las etapas tardías de desarrollo y mantenimiento, y moderada durante la regresión; las células no esteroidogénicas no mostraron reactividad. No se observaron diferencias significativas en la expresión ovárica del Factor de Diferenciación del Crecimiento 8 entre las fases folicular y luteal, ni entre las etapas de mantenimiento y regresión del cuerpo lúteo. Estos resultados sugieren que el Factor de Diferenciación del Crecimiento 8 podría desempeñar un papel regulador clave en la foliculogénesis y en el desarrollo y función del cuerpo lúteo en el ovario felino.
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