El efecto del dimetoato sobre el estrés oxidativo y las respuestas antioxidantes de Pontastacus leptodactylus
Resumen
El pesticida dimetoato (DMT) es uno de los productos químicos utilizados para proteger algunas áreas agrícolas de organismos nocivos. Los residuos de DMT liberados directa o indirectamente al medio ambiente causan graves problemas en la naturaleza. Los residuos de DMT mezclados con el medio acuático afectan negativamente a los organismos acuáticos y este efecto se transmite a los humanos a través de la cadena alimentaria. En este estudio, se investigaron las respuestas al estrés oxidativo inducidas por el pesticida DMT en Pontastacus leptodactylus. Para ello, se investigaron el estrés oxidativo y los parámetros antioxidantes Sustancias reactivas al ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS), glutatión (GSH), superóxido dismutasa (SOD), catalasa (CAT) y glutatión peroxidasa (GPX) causados por el pesticida dimetoato (DMT) en P. leptodactylus en concentraciones de 17,5; 35 y 70 mg·L-1 a las 24 y 96 horas. Los resultados se determinaron utilizando kits de ELISA. No se observaron diferencias significativas en los niveles de GSH y las actividades de SOD en comparación con el control. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre disminuciones en las actividades de CAT y GPx y aumentos en los niveles de TBARS. Se utilizó ANOVA unidireccional del programa SPSS 24.0 (Duncan 0,05) en la evaluación de los análisis bioquímicos. Como resultado, se determinó que el DMT provocó la formación de estrés oxidativo en P. leptodactylus y provocó cambios en las actividades enzimáticas.
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