Forma complicada de ateroesclerosis en un macho de mono verde africano (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus). Caso clínico

• Sergey Orlov Saint Petersburg State University, Laboratory of the Microangiopathic Mechanisms of Atherogenesis. Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation - National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Kurchatov Complex of Medical Primatology, Department of Molecular Biology. Sochi, Russian Federation
• Andrey Panchenko National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Kurchatov Complex of Medical Primatology, Department of Molecular Biology. Sochi, Russian Federation
• Viktor Shestakov National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Kurchatov Complex of Medical Primatology, Department of Pathology. Sochi, Russian Federation
• Artem Oganesian National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Kurchatov Complex of Medical Primatology, Department of Pathology. Sochi, Russian Federation
• Yulia Kolesnik Saint Petersburg State University, Laboratory of the Microangiopathic Mechanisms of Atherogenesis. Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation - National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Kurchatov Complex of Medical Primatology, Department of Pathology. Sochi, Russian Federation
• David Ilyazyants National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Kurchatov Complex of Medical Primatology, Department of Pathology. Sochi, Russian Federation
• Elena Radomskaya National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Kurchatov Complex of Medical Primatology, Department of Pathology. Sochi, Russian Federation
• Tamara Fedotkina Saint Petersburg State University, Laboratory of the Microangiopathic Mechanisms of Atherogenesis. Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
• Dmitry Bulgin National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Kurchatov Complex of Medical Primatology, Department of Pathology. Sochi, Russian Federation
• Leonid Churilov Saint Petersburg State University, Laboratory of the Microangiopathic Mechanisms of Atherogenesis. Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e34398

Palabras clave: Arteriosclerosis, aneurisma, enfermedades renales, primates, mono

Resumen

La aterosclerosis es la base mecánica de los trastornos cardiovasculares, que se manifiestan en el daño a las paredes de la aorta y las arterias coronarias, cerebrales y periféricas, lo cual lleva a la isquemia aguda o crónica de órganos y tejidos internos. La publicación describe un caso de lesión ateroesclerótica espontánea de la aorta, con la formación de un aneurisma disecante en un mono verde africano macho. Los antepasados fueron introducidos desde Etiopía y Europa. El mono descrito en este estudio de caso fue alojado por un grupo familiar en un recinto al aire libre con una habitación adjunta más pequeña equipada con un sistema de calefacción. Vivió 16,4 años. El diagnóstico patológico se estableció mediante autopsia completa e histopatología. La enfermedad principal fue gastroenterocolitis atrófica crónica con exacerbación complicada con distrofia alimentaria, caquexia (atrofia parda del miocardio, hígado y músculos esqueléticos). Las enfermedades concomitantes: aterosclerosis complicada de la aorta, aneurisma disecante de la aorta abdominal con un gran trombo cilíndrico organizado en la zona del aneurisma, aterosclerosis estenosante de las arterias renales, riñón izquierdo vascular arrugado; aterosclerosis focal de las arterias coronarias y sus ramas con pequeños focos de cardiosclerosis aterosclerótica y arteriosclerosis de las arterias cerebrales. Los cambios detectados indican una similitud significativa en la patomorfosis de las lesiones ateroescleróticas en el mono verde africano y en los humanos. Esto nos permite considerar este género de primates como un modelo de laboratorio prometedor para estudiar la patogénesis y los mecanismos de regresión, así como la eficacia de enfoques terapéuticos para el tratamiento de la ateroesclerosis y sus complicaciones.

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