Implicación de la vía muscarínica y del óxido nítrico en el tránsito intestinal y el retraso del vaciamiento gástrico del extracto metanólico de Salvia barrelieri en ratones

• Fatima Benchikh Ferhat Abbas University, Faculty of Natural Life and Sciences, Laboratory of Phytotherapy Applied to Chronic Diseases. Setif, Algeria
• Hind Amira Ferhat Abbas University, Faculty of Natural Life and Sciences, Laboratory of Phytotherapy Applied to Chronic Diseases. Setif, Algeria
• Walid Mamache Ferhat Abbas University, Faculty of Natural Life and Sciences, Laboratory of Phytotherapy Applied to Chronic Diseases. Setif, Algeria
• Hassiba Benabdallah Ferhat Abbas University, Faculty of Natural Life and Sciences, Laboratory of Phytotherapy Applied to Chronic Diseases. Setif, Algeria
• Smain Amira Ferhat Abbas University, Faculty of Natural Life and Sciences, Laboratory of Phytotherapy Applied to Chronic Diseases. Setif, Algeria

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e34410

Palabras clave: Salvia barrelieri, motilidad intestinal, vaciamiento gástrico, receptores muscarínicos, vía del NO

Resumen

Este estudio evaluó la influencia de los extractos metanólico (EM) y decoctado (ED) de Salvia barrelieri (SBA) sobre el tránsito intestinal (TI) y el vaciamiento gástrico (VG) en ratones. Sólo las dosis de ME SBA indujeron una fuerte inhibición de GE en 46,82 ± 4,34; 54,71 ± 3,29 y 48,45 ± 1,33 % (P≤0.0001) para las dosis de 100, 200 o 400 mg·kg^-1 respectivamente. Los extractos por sí solos no tuvieron efectos sobre el movimiento intestinal (sólo un ligero aumento no significativo a 400 mg·kg^-1). Sin embargo, el bloqueo de los receptores muscarínicos resultó en una disminución de TI de 10,34 % y 17,53 % con EM y ED, respectivamente, en comparación con el control. Por el contrario, la coadministración con L–arginina (donante de óxido nítrico) disminuyó significativamente el tránsito (47,31 % y 50,80 % para EM y ED, respectivamente), mientras inhibe Oxido Nítrico Sintasa (NOS) con L–Nω–Nitro–Arginina (L–NNA) tuvo un efecto menor (12,24 % y 17,24 % para EM y ED, respectivamente). Solo los extractos EM de SBA inhibieron significativamente el VG (disminución del 46,82–54,71 % en todas las dosis), imitando el efecto de la atropina. Los extractos ED y la combinación de EM con atropina no mostraron ningún impacto significativo. Curiosamente, la L–arginina solo afectó al vaciamiento con ED SBA (disminución del 27,8 %), no con EM SBA. La inhibición del NOS bloqueó parcialmente el efecto de EM SBA. Estos hallazgos sugieren que los extractos EM de SBA se dirigen principalmente al VG a través de mecanismos que involucran tanto la vía muscarínica como la del NO, mientras que los extractos ED tienen efectos mínimos. Este estudio destaca la compleja interacción de las vías en la función intestinal y la influencia potencial del tipo de extracto y su formulación en su efectividad.

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