Comparative phytochemical composition and bioactivities of local variety of Prunus domestica L. from Northeastern Türkiye
Abstract
The Cancur plum (Prunus domestica L.), a local variety grown in Northeastern Türkiye, represents a valuable source of bioactive compounds with potential functional food applications. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the phytochemical composition and functional properties of Cancur plum fruits collected from two regions with contrasting climatic conditions: Posof (microclimate, 1260 m) and Çıldır (continental climate, 1585 m). Antioxidant potential was assessed using multiple approaches, including TAC, DPPH, glutathione, SOD, and catalase assays, while the quantities of total phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanins were also determined. The characterization of individual phenolic and flavonoid molecules was performed via LC-MS/MS, volatile constituents were profiled through GC- MS, and free sugars were quantified using HPLC. Comparative evaluation showed that the Çıldır vinegars exhibited greater DPPH radical scavenging capacity and elevated catalase activity, whereas the Posof vinegars were richer in total phenolics and glutathione. Despite these differences, both groups displayed a similar overall antioxidant capacity, though mediated by distinct biochemical mechanisms. LC-MS/MS profiling highlighted shikimic, chlorogenic, and p-coumaric acids as the predominant phenolics, with rutin and hesperidin occurring in higher amounts in the Çıldır sample. In terms of aroma-active compounds, acetic acid and acetoin dominated in the Çıldır vinegars, while ethanol and furfural were more pronounced in the Posof samples.Glucose and fructose were identified as the primary sugars, with minor sucrose detected only in Çıldır fruits. Microclimatic differences strongly shape the biochemical and functional profiles of Cancur plum, highlighting its value as a source of antioxidants, flavor compounds, and functional food ingredients.
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References
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