Risk Factors and metabolic indicators associated with the percentage frequency of subclinical Ketosis on Ouled Djellal Ewes in Eastern Highlands of Algeria

• Meriem Bouzenzana Batna1 University, Institute of Veterinary Sciences and Agronomic Sciences, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Environment, Health and Animal Production (ESPA). Batna, Algeria - Constantine 1–Frères Mentouri University, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Production. Constantine, Algeria
• Abdennour Azizi Batna1 University, Institute of Veterinary Sciences and Agronomic Sciences, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Environment, Health and Animal Production (ESPA). Batna, Algeria
• Sabah Hanachi Constantine 3 – Salah Boubnider University, Medicine Faculty, Molecular Biology and genetics Laboratory. Constantine, Algeria - University Hospital Center, Biochemistry laboratory. Constantine, Algeria.
• Karima Benembarek University Hospital Center, Biochemistry laboratory. Constantine, Algeria
• Mohammed–Ezine Zebiri Veterinarian Doctor, Abassi Larbi Pilot Farm. Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria
• Nedjoua Arzour–Lakehal Constantine 1–Frères Mentouri University, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Research laboratory PADESCA. Constantine, Algeria
• Toufik Meziane Batna1 University, Institute of Veterinary Sciences and Agronomic Sciences, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Environment, Health and Animal Production (ESPA). Batna, Algeria

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e34480

Keywords: Metabolic indicators, Ouled Djellal ewes, prevalence, risk factors, subclinical ketosis

Abstract

This study investigated the frequency, risk factors, and metabolic indicators for detecting subclinical ketosis (SCK) in Ouled Djellal ewes. Out of 54 enrolled ewes, those with BHB ≥ 0.86 mmol·L^-1 without clinical signs formed the SCK group, while ewes with BHB < 0.86 mmol·L^-1 were healthy controls, either in late pregnancy or early lactation. The SCK frequency was higher in early lactation (37%). Increased risk was associated with twin–bearing (OR=4.96, 95%CI=1.967–12.503, P=0.001) and thin ewes with BCS < 2.5 (OR=2.74, 95%CI=0.71–10.73, P=0.003). SCK ewes had significantly lower glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, Ca, Mg, Na, and K levels, but higher AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, LDH, and CK levels. The best diagnostic indicators were Ca (AUC 94.4%, cut–off < 81 g·L^-1, SE 77.46%, SP 100%), AST (AUC 84.4%, cut–off > 94.19 U·L^-1, SE 74.65%, SP 83.78%), and K (AUC 79.3%, cut–off 4.1 mmol·L^-1, SE 71.83%, SP 75.68%). Monitoring BHB and BCS, especially in twin–bearing ewes during the transition period, is recommended for ketosis prevention. Further large–scale validation of these metabolic indicators as SCK predictors in Ouled Djellal ewes is warranted.

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