Detection of antibodies against Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) in milk tanks in the Province of El Oro, Ecuador
Abstract
Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), a member of the Pestivirus genus in the Flaviviridae family. It is associated with a wide range of clinical manifestations, leading to significant economic losses in the global livestock industry, mainly due to reproductive failures. In the El Oro Province, there are no studies of direct or indirect evidence of BVDV circulation. However, seroprevalences studies in other provinces suggest widespread viral circulation. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the presence of specific antibodies against BVDV excreted in the milk of cows in production from small stables in the El Oro Province (Southern Ecuador), using the commercial Elisa blocking kit for diagnosis CIVTEST® BOVIS BVD/BD p80 (HIPRA Laboratories, Spain). Hence, 34 milk samples were taken from storage tanks and analyzed using this kit. There was a high detection frequency of 52.94% of antibodies against BVDV, indirectly indicating the circulation of the bovine viral diarrhea virus in the study area. The Canton El Guabo resulted in the highest frequency of positive samples with 100% presence of antibodies, Chilla Canton with 42.84%, and Santa Rosa with 37.5%. The Canton with the lowest prevalence was Machala with 25%. These results indirectly demonstrate the circulation of BVDV in the studied herds since no vaccines against BVD are applied in their health plans. It is recommended to conduct epidemiological studies focused on assessing the extent of this disease and the reproductive problems it may cause in the country’s herds. Likewise, establish sanitary control programs and reproductive profiles in different livestock operations to improve their productive performance.
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