The Hygienic Quality of Raw milk intended for Human consumption in Algeria: Meta–analysis

• Nadjah Guergueb University of Batna 1, Department of Veterinary Medicine. Batna, Algeria - University of Biskra, Department of Agricultural Sciences. Biskra, Algeria

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e34301

Keywords: Cow’s milk, camel’s milk, goat’s milk, sheep’s milk, total aerobic bacteria

Abstract

The main goal of this article was to conduct a meta–analysis, to estimate the hygienic quality of the raw milk intended for human consumption and subsequently relative risk factors that may impact milk quality in Algeria. Weighted random–effects meta–analysis models were employed to analyze the data in this study. A total of 4,685 sampling results from 61 included studies, investigating the bacterial quality of raw milk across 35/48 Provinces in Algeria, from 2009 to 2022. In this meta–analysis, the average level of contamination by Total Aerobic Mesophilic Bacteria (TAMB) was 5.84 log₁₀ CFU·mL^-1. 95% CI [5.55–6.13]. The P–value was 0.001. The I² test indicates the presence of substantial statistical heterogeneity across studies; (I²=86.26%, P<0,001). No significant publication bias was observed using the funnel plots and Egger’s test (P=0.885). In this article TAMB values did not differ significantly among species (P>0.05).The average contamination level TAMB was lower in milk samples collected from individual milking and farm tank milk (4.57 log₁₀ CFU·mL^-1 and 5.89 log₁₀ CFU·mL^-1), compared to those recorded in milk samples collected from the collector, dairy, and sales (6.59 log₁₀ CFU·mL^-1, 6.60 log₁₀ CFU·mL^-1, and 6.74 log₁₀ CFU·mL^-1, respectively). The contamination level of milk by TAMB was higher during summer and spring (6.80 log₁₀ CFU·mL^-1 and 6.70 log₁₀ CFU·mL^-1), compared to winter and autumn (4.27 log₁₀ CFU·mL^-1 and 5.64 log₁₀ CFU·mL^-1).

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