Microcephaly and ZIKA Virus: Certainty or Presumption

• Glenda Coromoto Velásquez Serra Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Escuela de Medicina. Cátedra de Medicina Tropical. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0942-2309
• Camila Janina García Yuquilema Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Carrera de Medicina.
• Joselyn Meylin Galarza Cedeño Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Carrera de Medicina.
• Oscar Enrique Preciado Cañas Universidad Católica Santiago de Guayaquil

Palabras clave: células madre, retardo del crecimiento fetal, mutación, virus zika

Resumen

El virus Zika se ha asociado con la microcefalia desde 2015 con vínculos establecidos con la epidemia en Brasil, que afectó a varias mujeres embarazadas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue demostrar el vínculo entre el virus Zika y la microcefalia, a través del análisis de características relacionadas con el virus, teorías de cómo ingresa al organismo y las manifestaciones clínicas, que conducen a afecciones neurológicas. Esta es una investigación descriptiva y transversal. Las principales fuentes de información provienen de estudios en varias revistas médicas, que respaldan las ideas propuestas. Se describieron algunas características propias del virus, como neurotropismo, la capacidad de cruzar la barrera placentaria y producir degeneración de las células neuroprogenitoras, un complemento de las teorías mencionadas anteriormente. Asimismo, las alteraciones moleculares en la estructura del virus, lo que permite que el virus interfiera con el desarrollo cerebral del feto en mujeres embarazadas. La manifestación clínica que produce virus Zika se llama Síndrome congénito severo, que incluye manifestaciones en el recién nacido, como morfología del cráneo, anomalías cerebrales, contracturas congénitas y secuelas neurológicas. Todos los daños mostrados han sido identificados, gracias a exámenes neurológicos a recién nacidos, estudios de neuroimagen, neuropatología del cráneo y su tejido

Citas

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