Análisis comparativo del éxito del aislamiento de Neospora caninum a partir de diversos tejidos fetales: la importancia de las muestras cerebrales. Nota técnica
Resumen
El aislamiento de Neospora caninum a partir de huéspedes infectados naturalmente es crucial para comprender la epidemiología de la neosporosis. Aunque el aislamiento del parásito de varios tejidos fetales, incluido el cerebro, ha sido mencionado, las tasas relativas de éxito del aislamiento a partir de diferentes fuentes no han sido exploradas sistemáticamente. Este estudio examina las tasas de aislamiento de N. caninum a partir de diferentes tejidos fetales, centrándose en la importancia de las muestras cerebrales. Se analizaron los tejidos fetales de 90 bovinos y ovinos infectados naturalmente para detectar la presencia de N. caninum. Las muestras se procesaron con técnicas de aislamiento molecular y de cultivo celular. Se compararon la producción de taquizoítos y los efectos citopatógenos (ECP) en los tejidos después del aislamiento en células Vero. De las 90 muestras, 19 (21,1 %) dieron positivo para N. caninum por PCR y, de estas, 9 (47,36 %) dieron lugar a aislamientos viables. El tejido cerebral de ovejas exhibió una producción de taquizoítos significativamente más alta (1,9 x 107) en comparación con otros tejidos (contenido abomasal, riñón, placenta, hígado y líquido pericárdico). El mayor ECP se observó en el octavo pasaje, al 80%. Las muestras de cerebro parecen ser la fuente más confiable para el aislamiento in vitro de N. caninum a partir de fetos infectados naturalmente. Este hallazgo tiene implicaciones importantes para el diagnóstico y el estudio de la neosporosis ovina.
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