Efecto terapéutico de la extracción de aceite de propóleo enriquecido con ozono en gatos con gingivitis

• Gamze Sevri Ekren–Aşıcı Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry. Aydın, Türkiye.
• Umut Kal Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry. Aydın, Türkiye.
• Seda Berberoğlu Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry. Aydın, Türkiye.
• Funda Kıral Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry. Aydın, Türkiye.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e35540

Palabras clave: Gingivitis felina, propóleo enriquecido con ozono, VEGF salival, TNF–α salival

Resumen

En los gatos, el tratamiento de la gingivitis suele consistir en una limpieza dental profesional bajo anestesia, tratamiento del dolor y administración de antibióticos para reducir la inflamación. Teniendo en cuenta los inconvenientes de la administración de antibióticos, surge la necesidad de protocolos alternativos de tratamiento agudo. Se cree que potenciar los efectos antibacterianos, antiinflamatorios y anestésicos locales del propóleo con ozono podría acortar la duración del tratamiento, ayudar a reducir los riesgos asociados a la gingivitis y también favorecer la salud general del gato. El estudio incluyó 20 gatos domésticos diagnosticados con el agente causante de la gingivitis presentados en clínicas privadas. Los gatos incluidos en el estudio se agruparon por agentes bacterianos (n=10; Hembra=4, Macho=6) y virales (n=10; Hembra=5, Macho=5). El propóleo extraído con aceite enriquecido con ozono se administró en forma de aerosol durante 14 días (d). Antes de la aplicación y en los d 7 y 14 del tratamiento, se registraron y puntuaron los índices gingivales de los gatos, se recogieron muestras de saliva y se tomaron fotografías. Los niveles de VEGF y TNF–α en saliva se determinaron mediante un kit ELISA específico para gatos. Cuando se evaluaron los datos, la aplicación de propóleos enriquecidos con ozono demostró un efecto reductor estadísticamente significativo sobre los niveles de TNF–α en saliva en ambos grupos (P<0,01). Los niveles de VEGF salival mostraron un aumento significativo durante la aplicación, especialmente en la gingivitis causada por agentes bacterianos (P<0,05). En el grupo vírico, la aplicación resultó más eficaz para aumentar los niveles de VEGF durante los primeros 7 d. En la gingivitis causada por agentes bacterianos, el índice gingival (IG) y el índice de placa (IP) disminuyeron en comparación con los valores previos al tratamiento (P<0,05). En la gingivitis asociada a agentes virales, la disminución del IG fue estadísticamente significativa, mientras que la disminución del IP resultó no significativa.  En conclusión, este estudio demostró que la aplicación de propóleo enriquecido con ozono podría ser una opción de tratamiento alternativa para los gatos con gingivitis.

Citas

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