Evaluación ecográfıca del tórax en perros con parálisis por garrapatas

• Erdem Gülersoy Harran University, Veterinary Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine. Şanlıurfa, Türkiye.
• Canberk Balıkçı Harran University, Veterinary Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine. Şanlıurfa, Türkiye
• İsmail Günal Harran University, Veterinary Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine. Şanlıurfa, Türkiye
• Adem Şahan Harran University, Veterinary Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine. Şanlıurfa, Türkiye
• Esma Kısmet Harran University, Veterinary Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine. Şanlıurfa, Türkiye

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e35522

Palabras clave: Líneas B, perro, grosor pleural, pulmón húmedo, ecografía torácica

Resumen

La parálisis por garrapatas es una parálisis motora de rápida progresión causada por una neurotoxina en la saliva de ciertas especies de garrapatas. Un diagnóstico tardío puede llevar a un aumento en la mortalidad debido a insuficiencia respiratoria. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue describir las lesiones detectadas mediante ecografía torácica en perros con parálisis por garrapatas e identificar patrones potenciales que puedan ayudar en el diagnóstico y la predicción del pronóstico. El material animal consistió en un total de 58 perros, 10 de los cuales estaban sanos y 48 se sospechaba que estaban afectados por parálisis por garrapatas. Se realizaron exámenes clínicos, de laboratorio y ecográficos torácicos. Se observó disnea espiratoria con taquicardia sinusal; estertores finos, sibilancias polifónicas y roce pleural en la auscultación pulmonar de los perros paralizados por garrapatas. Los patrones anormales más comunes en la ecografía torácica fueron, en orden de prevalencia: líneas B > 3, pulmón húmedo, nódulo pulmonar, líneas B confluyentes, pérdida de líneas A, consolidación, fibrosis y líneas B aisladas. Además, el grosor pleural de los perros con parálisis por garrapatas fue mayor que el de los sanos. Entre estos hallazgos, las líneas B > 3 se interpretaron como indicativas de posible daño parenquimatoso pulmonar, mientras que la pérdida de líneas A se atribuyó a una disminución de la aireación. La presencia de nódulo pulmonar y fibrosis podría deberse a bronconeumonía y neumonía por aspiración debido a regurgitación. El patrón de pulmón húmedo se asoció con una predisposición a la congestión pulmonar. Se concluyó que el reconocimiento de los hallazgos ecográficos torácicos puede ayudar a identificar la presencia y a clasificar la extensión del daño pulmonar, así como a determinar la necesidad de tratamiento de descongestión pulmonar en casos de parálisis por garrapatas.

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