Evaluación de los cambios de ecotextura de la pared uterina tras un aborto inducido en perras gestantes a medio plazo: un estudio preliminar

• Yelda Bal Baskent Animal Hospital. Ankara, Türkiye
• Erol Alaçam Ankara University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Ankara, Türkiye
• Selim Aslan Near East University, Veterinary Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Nicosia, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
• Duygu Kaya Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. İzmir, Türkiye
• Serkan Barış Mülazimoğlu Hacettepe University, Technopolis–Hemosoft IT and Training Services Inc. Ankara, Türkiye
• Serhan Serhat Ay Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Samsun, Türkiye
• Sabine Schäfer–Somi University of Veterinary Medicine, Centre for Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer. Vienna, Austria

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e34402

Palabras clave: Aborto, perra, ecotextura, útero, placenta

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los cambios estructurales de ecotextura en la pared uterina tras la inducción de un aborto en perras durante la fase embrionaria tardía/media gestación y desarrollar un método de evaluación del proceso abortivo. Se incluyeron en este estudio un total de 10 perras gestantes sanas de diferentes razas, con edades comprendidas entre los 25 y los 40 días (d) de gestación. En el Grupo 1 (n=5), se administró Aglepristona (10 mg·kg^-1 de peso vivo, vía oral) una vez al día durante dos días consecutivos. En el Grupo 2 (n=5), se utilizó una combinación de Aglepristona, Cabergolina y Misoprostol para la inducción del aborto (IA). Antes de la inducción del aborto, y a intervalos de 24 horas hasta la finalización del aborto (AC), se examinaron ecográficamente el útero y la placenta. Se realizaron exámenes adicionales el d 1 (AC+1), el d 7 (AC+7) y el d 14 (AC+14) tras la finalización del proceso de aborto. Los mismos días se tomaron muestras de sangre para detectar los niveles séricos de progesterona (P₄). Se evaluaron determinados parámetros de ecotextura (homogeneidad, contraste, gradiente y entropía) en las imágenes ecográficas utilizando un software de análisis de imágenes (Bs200Pro^®). Los valores de contraste y gradiente disminuyeron significativamente en los d CA, CA+1 y CA+7 en comparación con el estado IA (P<0,05 y P<0,01). Los valores de contraste fueron inferiores en G1 que en G2 dos días antes del aborto (CA–2) (P<0,01). Los niveles de gradiente fueron mayores en G2 que en G1 en CA–2 (P<0,01). Los valores de homogeneidad de G2 fueron superiores a los de G1 en los días CA–1 y CA+7 (P<0,05). Los valores de P₄ mostraron un descenso no significativo tras la IA durante el periodo de estudio en ambos grupos. En G2, se encontró una correlación negativa entre P₄ y homogeneidad (r=-0,797) y una correlación positiva entre P₄ y valores de contraste (r=0,719). En conclusión, el análisis de ecotextura permite una evaluación cuantitativa y objetiva de la estructura uterina durante el aborto, pero es necesario establecer valores estándar específicos para ambos protocolos de medicación, teniendo en cuenta los factores individuales.

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