Estudio comparativo de la composición química, actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana del extracto metanólicos de Mentha rotundifolia

• Siham Ferdjioui Ferhat Abbas University, Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Applied Microbiology. Setif, Algeria
• Rachid Belhattab Ferhat Abbas University, Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Applied Microbiology. Setif, Algeria

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e34431

Palabras clave: Antioxidante, extracción, LC/EM/EM, maceración, Mentha rotundifolia, Soxhlet

Resumen

Mentha rotundifolia es miembro de la familia Lamiaceae y se distribuye ampliamente en la medicina tradicional en Argelia y la localidad mediterránea. El objetivo de este estudio fue demostrar cómo la técnica de extracción puede determinar el tipo de principios activos obtenidos, así como sus potenciales efectos farmacológicos y terapéuticos. Los extractos metanólicos se obtuvieron mediante maceración y aparato Soxhlet. Se determinó el estudio de la composición química mediante métodos colorimétricos y espectrometría de masas por cromatografía líquida (LC–MS/MS). La actividad antioxidante se evaluó in vitro mediante tres pruebas: prueba de DPPH, prueba de quelación de iones ferrosos y prueba de poder reductor. El efecto antimicrobiano de los extractos se evaluó mediante un ensayo de difusión en agar contra seis cepas microbianas. Los resultados demuestran que el mejor rendimiento de extracción, el contenido de fenólicos y flavonoides totales, la actividad antioxidante fue mayor en los extractos obtenidos por Soxhlet que los obtenidos por maceración. Las pruebas de detección fitoquímica permitieron identificar polifenoles, flavonoides, taninos, terpenoides, quinonas y la ausencia de antraquininas y saponinas en ambos extractos. La LC–MS/MS reveló la presencia de varios compuestos fenólicos, el predominante en ambos extractos fue el ácido rosmarínico. La actividad antimicrobiana muestra que ambos extractos no tienen ningún efecto. En conclusión, este estudio revela que la extracción mediante Soxhlet es más adecuada que la extracción por maceración para esta planta.

Citas

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