El diámetro uterino y la actividad ovárica influyen en la presencia de estro y preñez de vaquillas de carne en un protocolo J–Synch para inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo

• José Luis Espinoza–Villavicencio Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur. La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
• Alejandro Palacios–Espinosa Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur. La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
• Bernardo Murillo–Amador Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste S.C. La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
• Ricardo Ortega–Pérez Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur. La Paz, Baja California Sur, México

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e34360

Palabras clave: Vaquillas de carne, desarrollo uterino, actividad cíclica, IATF

Resumen

El estudio evaluó cómo el diámetro de los cuernos uterinos y la actividad cíclica de vaquillas para carne influye en su comportamiento estral y tasas de gestación con inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo (IATF). Se usaron 100 vaquillas Bos taurus (cruzas no definidas de Angus, Charolais y Gelbvieh) de 300 ± 32 kg, evaluadas en su condición corporal (escala 1 a 5), el diámetro del cuerno uterino (1: menor a 1 cm; 2: 1 a 1.5 cm; 3: mayor a 1.5 cm) y su actividad cíclica al inicio del protocolo. La actividad cíclica se clasificó en: ciclando (C), anestro superficial (AS), o anestro profundo (AP). Se utilizó el protocolo J–Synch para sincronización de la ovulación, con seguimiento de la actividad estral mediante la pintura en la base de la cola. Los resultados mostraron que un 81 % de las vaquillas ciclando (C), exhibieron estro dentro de 72 h de finalizado el protocolo, superando significativamente a las vaquillas AS y AP (P≤0,001). La presencia de estro en vaquillas con un mayor diámetro uterino fue superior a las de menor diámetro (P≤0,001). Además, la intensidad del estro influyó en las tasas de gestación 30 días después de la IATF (P≤0,003). La actividad cíclica y el diámetro de los cuernos uterinos al inicio del tratamiento también afectaron las tasas de preñez (P≤0,05). Se concluye que, el diámetro de los cuernos uterinos y la actividad cíclica inicial en vaquillas para carne impacta la respuesta al protocolo J–Synch y las tasas de preñez pos–IATF.

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