Determinación de rasgos morfológicos lineales de ubre y pezón en Awassi y Bafra (Quíos × Karayaka) Ovejas

• İbrahim Şeker Fırat University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Zootechny. Elazığ, Türkiye
• Selim Kul Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Zootechny. Yozgat, Türkiye
• Abdurrahman Köseman Malatya Turgut Özal University, Battalgazi Vocational School, Plant and Animal Production Department. Malatya, Türkiye

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e34368

Palabras clave: Oveja, producción de leche, período de lactancia, puntuación lineal, colocación de pezones, forma de ubre

Resumen

Este estudio se llevó a cabo para evaluar las características morfológicas lineales de la ubre y los pezones en las condiciones reproductivas de las ovejas (Ovis aries) Awassi y Bafra (Chios × Karayaka) y para determinar los tipos de ubre, la producción de leche en lactancia y el período de lactancia de las ovejas. En el estudio se incluyeron 102 ovejas Awassi y 61 ovejas Bafra. Las medias de las puntuaciones lineales correspondieron a de profundidad de ubre, surco de ubre, inserción de ubre, forma de pezón, ángulo de pezón y colocación de pezón. En ovejas Awassi se obtuvieron valores de 6,10 ± 0,27; 6,33 ± 0,27; 4,49 ± 0,27; 6,49 ± 0,33; 3,98 ± 0,29 y 1,47 ± 0,14, respectivamente. Mientras que en la raza Bafra los índices correspondieron a 6,31 ± 0,28; 6,77 ±0,32; 5,72 ± 0,24; 1,20 ± 0,11; 1,72 ± 0,26 y 1,20 ± 0,11, respectivamente. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ambas razas Awassi y Bafra en cuanto al tipo de ubre (P<0,01). La ubre tipo 3, apta para ordeño, fue encontrada en mayor proporción en ambas razas; la ubre tipo 2 no fue detectada en las ovejas Awassi. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las ovejas Awassi y Bafra en términos de características morfológicas lineales de ubre y pezón, inserción de la ubre, forma del pezón, ángulo del pezón y producción de leche a los 60 días, producción de leche promedio diaria y período de lactancia (P<0,01). La producción de leche en lactancia y el período de lactancia se calcularon en 139,85 ± 5,31 kg y 208,53 ± 4,471 días, respectivamente, en las ovejas Awassi y 145,91 ± 9,97 kg y 175,23 ± 4,635 días en las ovejas Bafra, respectivamente. Como resultado, para que las características lineales de la ubre puedan usarse de manera segura como criterio de selección indirecta; no obstante, es necesario realizar estudios con un mayor número de ovejas y calcular la repetibilidad y heredabilidad de estas caracteristicas.

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