El efecto de la adición de gluten de trigo y maíz a la dieta de ratas sobre los parámetros autoinmunes e histopatológicos en el intestino y el hígado

• Recep Gümüş Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases. Sivas, Türkiye
• Kübra Asena Terim Kapakin Ataturk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Pathology. Erzurum, Türkiye
• Esra Manavoğlu Kirman Ataturk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Pathology. Erzurum, Türkiye
• İsmail Bolat Ataturk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Pathology. Erzurum, Türkiye
• Aybuke İmik Selçuk University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics. Konya, Türkiye
• Nazlı Ercan Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Sivas, Türkiye

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e34351

Palabras clave: Autoimmune, gluten, histopatología, intestino, hígado

Resumen

Este estudio investigó el efecto histopatológico e inmunohistoquímico en los tejidos del intestino y el hígado con la adición de harina de soja (SBM), harina de gluten de trigo (WGM) y harina de gluten de maíz (CGM) a la dieta de ratas. En el estudio se utilizaron un total de 24 ratas macho (Wistar albino) de veinte días de edad promedio. Las ratas se dividieron aleatoriamente en 3 grupos con 8 animales en cada grupo (grupos Control, Trigo y Maíz). La dieta proporcionada a los tres grupos contenía proteínas, que eran SBM, WGM y CGM en los grupos Control, Trigo y Maíz, respectivamente. En el estudio, el grupo alimentado con SBM se utilizó como grupo Control. Las ratas fueron alimentadas con una dieta que contenía 22% de proteína cruda y 2.598 kcal·kg^-1 de energía metabólica durante todo el período experimental. La prueba de alimentación continuó durante un período de 50 días. Se observaron cambios degenerativos de diversa gravedad en las células epiteliales intestinales y atrofia de las vellosidades. De manera similar, en los hepatocitos se determinaron los cambios degenerativos, especialmente la degeneración vacuolar o hidrópica. Se determinó que el nivel de CD4 aumentó de manera estadísticamente significativa en los grupos de trigo y maíz en comparación con el grupo de control (P<0,01) en el tejido intestinal. Además, se determinó que el nivel de IgA aumentó estadísticamente de manera significativa en el tejido hepático de los grupos Trigo y Maíz. (P<0,05). Como resultado, se observó que los parámetros histopatológico e inmunohistoquímico de los tejidos del intestino y del hígado de las ratas alimentadas con dietas que contenían un alto contenido de WGM y CGM se vieron afectados de forma limitada.

Citas

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