Supervivencia de un cultivo mixto de cepas probióticas microencapsuladas frente a la barrera gastrointestinal in vitro

• Luz Alba Caballero–Pérez University of Pamplona. GIBA Research Group. Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia - University of Havana, Pharmacy and Food Institute. Havana, Cuba
• Rene Tejedor–Arias University of Havana, Pharmacy and Food Institute. Havana, Cuba
• Elaysa Josefina Salas–Osorio Universidad de los Andes, Department of Biopathology. Mérida, Venezuela

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e33296

Palabras clave: Barrera gastrointestinal, protección, cepas probióticas, prebióticos, supervivencia, cepas microencapsuladas

Resumen

Los materiales encapsulantes conservan la viabilidad de los probióticos en condiciones gastrointestinales. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el efecto protector de una matriz encapsulante, compuesta por primera vez con tres materiales prebióticos para mantener la viabilidad de un cultivo mixto de probióticos microencapsulados por secado por aspersión, bajo condiciones gastrointestinales y prebióticas simuladas. Seguidamente, se evaluaron las microcápsulas de cuatro formulaciones con mejor viabilidad, inoculando cepas microencapsuladas y libres en caldo MRS, ajustando tres valores de pH, sales biliares, caldo con y sin carbohidrato (prueba prebiótica), incubados a 36 ± 1 °C / 24 h; luego se calculó el porcentaje de supervivencia celular postratamiento. Demostrando que, la formulación 1 presentó mayor barrera de protección con recuentos promedio: 7,31 log ufc·g^-1 lactobacilos y 7,75 log ufc·g^-1 (Saccharomyces boulardii) / 4 h (SGF), alcanzando 6,78 log ufc·g^-1 en las cuatro formulaciones (SIF) con una mayor tasa de supervivencia promedio 79,79% y 85,06% SGF y SIF, in vitro. Por otra parte, la prueba prebiótica mantuvo recuentos promedio de 9,40 log ufc·g^-1 (Lactobacillus spp.) y 6,99 log ufc·g^-1 (S. boulardii) / 24 h. Se demostró la protección ejercida por las microesferas en condiciones gastrointestinales y prebióticas simuladas a niveles terapéuticos (≥ 10⁶ ufc·mL^-1).

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