PREDICCIÓN DEL CONTENIDO EN ENERGÍA DIGESTIBLE DE ALIMENTOS PARA EQUINOS A PARTIR DE LA COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA PROXIMAL // Prediction of digestible energy content in equine feeds from the proximate chemical composition

• Nieves Núñez-Sánchez Departamento de Producción Animal. Universidad de Córdoba
• Francisco Requena-Domenech Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología. Universidad de Córdoba
• Marta García-Moya Departamento de Producción Animal. Universidad de Córdoba
• Francisco Peña-Blanco Departamento de Producción Animal. Universidad de Córdoba
• Estrella Agüera-Buendía Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología. Universidad de Córdoba
• Andrés Luis Martínez-Marín Departamento de Producción Animal. Universidad de Córdoba

Palabras clave: Caballos, alimentación, valor energético, digestibilidad, Weende, Horses, feeding, energy content, digestibility

Resumen

RESUMEN

Los estudios para predecir la energía digestible (ED) de alimentos (materias primas y piensos compuestos) para equinos a partir de los componentes químicos del esquema analítico de Weende (utilizado para el etiquetado de los piensos comerciales en numerosos países) son escasos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue desarrollar una ecuación para la estimación del contenido de ED de alimentos para equinos, usando como predictores los valores de composición química de Weende. Se seleccionaron 116 materias primas (MP) vegetales (cereales, leguminosas, oleaginosas, numerosos subproductos y forrajes secos) con valores de composición química conocida. En dichas MP se estimó la fracción digestible de los componentes analíticos mediante ecuaciones de regresión desarrolladas a partir de la bibliografía. Se comprobó que la materia orgánica digestible (suma de los componentes digestibles calculados con las ecuaciones obtenidas) estuvo en consonancia con la calculada por otros autores. A partir de las ecuaciones de predicción de cada uno de los componentes digestibles y los respectivos calores de combustión, se obtuvo la ecuación general: ED (kcal/kg de MS) = -236 + 48,5 x PB + 90,1 x EE – 6,7 x FB + 37,3 x ELN, donde PB es proteína bruta, EE es extracto etéreo, FB es fibra bruta, ELN son extractivos libres de nitrógeno y MS es materia seca. Los valores obtenidos con la aplicación de esta ecuación a las 116 MP utilizadas en el estudio no fueron diferentes (P > 0,05) de la predicción obtenida con ecuaciones de otros autores. En conclusión, la nueva ecuación podría utilizarse en la publicación de tablas de valor nutritivo de MP para equinos. También sería útil para calcular de forma rápida y precisa el contenido de ED de piensos comerciales.

ABSTRACT

The prediction of the digestible energy (DE) content of feeds (either single feedingstuffs or compound feeds) for horses from the chemical components of Weende analytical scheme (used for the labelling of compound feeds in several countries) has not been much studied. The objective of the present work was to develop an equation for the estimation of DE content of commercial compound feeds, using the values of the analytical components declared on the label as predictors. A total of 116 feedingstuffs of plant origin (cereal and legume grains, several by-products and dry forages) with known chemical composition were selected, and the digestible fractions were calculated from regression equations developed from several papers. The digestible organic matter obtained from the sum of the digestible components was in agreement with that calculated according to other authors. A general equation derived from the prediction equations of each of the digestible components and their respective heats of combustion was obtained to predict the DE content: DE (kcal/kg DM) = -236 + 48.5 x CP + 90.1 x EE - 6.7 x CF + 37.3 x NFE, where PB is crude protein, EE is ether extract, FB is crude fiber, ELN are nitrogen-free extractives and DM is dry matter. The DE values calculated after the application of this equation to the 116 feedingstuffs used in this study were not different (P > 0.05) to those obtained with the equations of other authors. In conclusion, the new equation could be used for the publication of tables of nutritional value of feeds for horses. It could also be useful for the fast and reliable calculation of the DE content of commercial compound feeds for horses.

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