National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine
The history of political and legal thought is inextricably linked with multiform approaches to the study of the essence of the state as a multi-element category. Scientists tried to find ways and means of creating a society that could become a prototype and model of an etalon union of people leading to the universal happiness and balance of interests of each individual in it. In the search for the best or best form of the state, the concepts of difficult to execute and sometimes even illusory forms of social management were forming, which were defined as utopian projects.
Achieving a better life arrangement is the goal of every society being. It implies the absence of negative elements within the collective, such as: corruption, the threat of rebellion, food shortages and the like. In the search for ideal forms of the state, ideas appeared that describe a model of
society, where negative factors are excluded, and society is managed fairly and in the interests of
all segments of the population. Utopia as a standard of society and the state is an image of an ideal social union, inside of which all its elements, such as: population, authorities, law, are aimed at the welfare and prosperity of the state.
The difference of utopia from other types of social structure is the absence of restrictions in the formation of its structure and content, for example, historical background, technical development, the internal state of the nation and others. A utopian project is always a project of a concrete mind, which is striving to describe and give explanations to all the elements and interrelations of holistic system of an ideal society. This is a certain social “absolute”, which, in the opinion of its creator, is the “golden” state of the state, to which it can come while respecting the basic principles of life.