Evaluación de la capacidad portante en un Bimsoil bajo una cimentación superficial mediante FEM

• Denisse Dianet Campos Muñoz Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
• Alfonso Mariano Ramos Cañon Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
• Luis Felipe Prada Sarmiento Pontificia Universidad Javeriana

Palabras clave: Bimsoil, cimentación superficial cuadrada, coluvión, método de elementos finitos, capacidad última.

Resumen

Los depósitos coluviales son materiales sueltos y heterogéneosde suelos o fragmentos de roca depositados en la base o parte media de las laderas. Para denominar a estos materiales, se deriva el término Bimsoil para definir bloques de roca embebidos en una matriz de suelo, en el que la relación de resistencia y rigidez entre los bloques y la matriz es mayor a 2. Frecuentemente, el ingeniero geotecnista considera sólo la resistencia de la matriz débil para el diseño, lo que puede generar sobredimensionamiento o subdimensionamientode obras de ingeniería, dependiendo de la naturaleza de la matriz. Con el fin de comparar la resistencia de un depósito de suelo arcilloso blando y un depósito coluvial de matriz arcillosa, se generaron dos modelos en FEM para obtener la capacidad portante bajo una cimentación cuadrada. La capacidad portante en un depósito coluvialrefleja que los bloques aportan resistencia al Bimsoil para asentamientos altos y se debe a que los bloques embebidos en la matriz forman cadenas de esfuerzos generando un efecto de arco. El incrementodel ángulo de fricción (Δφ) debido a los bloques en una formulación de equilibrio límite es una buena aproximación paraestimar la capacidad portante enBimsoils.

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