Revista
de la
Universidad
del Zulia
Fundada en 1947
por el Dr. Jesús Enrique Lossada
DEPÓSITO LEGAL ZU2020000153
ISSN 0041-8811
E-ISSN 2665-0428
Ciencias del
Agro
Ingeniería
y Tecnología
Año 12 N° 32
Enero - Abril 2021
Tercera Época
Maracaibo-Venezuela
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Development of a methodology for determining the financial
security of rural areas
Gamlet Y. Ostaev *
Inna A. Mukhina **
Elena V. Alexandrova ***
Elena V. Belokurova ****
Lyudmila G. Titova *****
ABSTRACT
The current state of most of Russia's territories is such that the development rates of specific regions remain
low. This phenomenon does not allow for sustainable long-term economic security. Therefore, it is necessary
to develop measures to determine the financial stability of the individual regions and territories of the country
for the purposes of their development under current conditions. In this sense, the real problem is to determine
the financial indicators to assess the economic security of rural areas. This can be achieved through the
formation of a scientifically based action algorithm aimed at improving the situation in rural areas. The
research topic is the formation of a system to identify financial indicators in the evaluation of the economic
security of rural areas. The theoretical and practical significance of solving problems related to the
achievement of sustainable development in rural areas determined the choice of goals, objectives, object and
theme of this study. Based on the above, the object of the study is the municipal budget and agricultural
enterprises as the basis for the development of rural areas. The purpose of the study is to establish the
methodology for evaluating financial security in rural areas as a financial management instrument at the
municipal level. The following tasks were implemented in the course of the study: selection of financial
indicators based on official and expert sources; Foundation of the mathematical apparatus to calculate the
comprehensive and private indicators of the financial security of the territory using the principles of
qualimetry (the science of measuring quality). The proposed methodology allows to systematize the financial
and economic indicators, it serves as the main calculation of the financial and economic security of the Udmurt
Republic; the methodology can also be applied to other rural areas of the country.
KEY WORDS: monitoring, financial security, rural areas, assessment.
* Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of Accounting, Finance and Audit, Izhevsk State
Agricultural Academy, 426069, Izhevsk, Studencheskaya Street, 11. Spin-code: 3674-4120. ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0869-7378.
** Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Economics of the Agro-
Industrial Complex, Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, 426069, Izhevsk, Studencheskaya Street, 11. The
Udmurt State University 426034, Russia, Izhevsk, Universitetskaya Street, ¼. ORCID: https://orcid.org/
0000-0003-1789-7275.
*** Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Organization of Production and Economic
Analysis, Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, 426069, Izhevsk, Studencheskaya Street, 11. Spin-code: 8928-
7417. ORCID: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-8682-2755.
**** Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Tyumen Industrial University, a branch in
the city of Nizhnevartovsk, 628600, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous district, Nizhnevartovsk, Lenin Street., 2
con.9. Spin-code: 6442-4600. ORCID: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-0809-4446.
*****Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor of the Department of social and political theories, faculty of social
and political Sciences, P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University, 150003, Yaroslavl, Sovetskaya Street, 14. Spin-
code: 9863-6988. ORCID: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-4168-7753.
Recibido: 30/10/2020 Aceptado: 01/12/2020
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Desarrollo de una metodología para determinar la seguridad
financiera de las zonas rurales
RESUMEN
El estado actual de la mayoría de los territorios de Rusia es tal, que las tasas de desarrollo de
las regiones específicas se mantienen en un nivel bajo. Este fenómeno no permite lograr una
seguridad económica sostenible a largo plazo. Por lo tanto, es necesario desarrollar medidas
para determinar la estabilidad financiera de las regiones y territorios individuales del país a
los efectos de su desarrollo en las condiciones actuales. En este sentido, el problema real es
determinar los indicadores financieros para evaluar la seguridad económica de las zonas
rurales. Esto se puede lograr a través de la formación de un algoritmo de acciones con base
científica orientada a mejorar la situación en las zonas rurales. El tema de la investigación es
la formación de un sistema para identificar indicadores financieros en la evaluación de la
seguridad económica de las áreas rurales. La trascendencia teórica y práctica de la resolución
de problemas relacionados con el logro del desarrollo sostenible de las zonas rurales
determinó la elección de metas, objetivos, objeto y tema de este estudio. Con base en lo
anterior, el objeto del estudio es el presupuesto municipal y las empresas agrícolas como base
para el desarrollo de las zonas rurales. El propósito del estudio es fundamentar la metodología
de evaluación de la seguridad financiera de las zonas rurales como instrumento de gestión
financiera a nivel municipal. Las siguientes tareas fueron implementadas en el curso del
estudio: selección de indicadores financieros basados en fuentes oficiales y expertas;
fundamentación del aparato matemático para calcular los indicadores integrales y privados
de la seguridad financiera del territorio utilizando los principios de la cualimetría (la ciencia
de medir la calidad). La metodología propuesta permite sistematizar los indicadores
financieros y económicos, sirve como el cálculo principal de la seguridad financiera y
económica de la República de Udmurt; la metodología también se puede aplicar a otras áreas
rurales del país.
PALABRAS CLAVE: seguimiento, seguridad financiera, áreas rurales, evaluación.
Introduction
Financial security is one of the most important components of the economic security
of rural areas (Alborov and Kontsevoy, 2016). The main regulatory documents regulating
issues of economic security and financial security can be considered: the Constitution of the
Russian Federation (Articles 74, Article 75); Decree of the President of the Russian
Federation of May 13, 2017 No. 208 "On the Strategy of Economic Security of the Russian
Federation for the Period until 2030 of the year".
Considering the level of the municipality, we turned to the Budget Code, which clearly
defines the budgetary powers of municipalities (Alekseeva, 2020; Kondratyev et al., 2019).
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The executive authorities of districts, cities, urban districts, rural and settlement
administrations that ensure (within the framework of the powers granted) the
implementation of a unified state financial policy and carry out general management of
financial resources in the territory are called financial bodies of the municipalities of the
Russian Federation (Botkin et al., 2020).
They are part of the structure of the executive authorities of municipalities and are an
important component of the unified system of state financial management bodies. They act
in accordance with the provisions approved by the head of the administration of the relevant
municipality (Gogolev et al., 2020).
The main tasks of state bodies carrying out financial activities at the level of
municipalities of the Russian Federation:
1) drawing up a draft budget;
2) execution of the budget of the municipal formation (Kontsevaya, 2017; Ostaev et al.,
2019).
1. Methodology
The development of the world and national economy in modern conditions is
characterized by multiple transition processes, accompanied by both local and global crises
(Endovitsky et al., 2019; Krivorotov et al., 2015).
Quite a lot of attention is paid to the issues of assessing the financial security of the
country and the region, but there is practically no serious research devoted to the financial
security of municipalities and, in particular, rural areas (Kondratiev et al., 2020; Molchan et
al., 2017).
The starting point here can be the system of Monitoring and assessing the quality of
municipal finance management, which is aimed at creating prerequisites for increasing the
efficiency of local government bodies by creating incentives for the development of the level
of financial management in public law formations of local importance (Mukhin and Mukhin,
2018; Mukhin et al., 2020).
These prerequisites are tasks, the solution of which is provided by the system for
monitoring and assessing the quality of financial management (Figure 1).
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Figure 1- Tasks, the solution of which is provided by the system for monitoring and assessing
the quality of financial management (authoring)
We examined the possibilities of developing a financial security system for rural areas,
taking into account the regulatory and statistical framework (Molchan et al., 2020).
After evaluating the accumulated experience in managing municipal rural areas, we
proposed a systematization of indicators of economic development, and the calculation of
integral and private indicators of financial security of the territory using the principles of
qualimetry (Mukhina, 2018; Ostaev et al., 2018).
The technique includes the following steps:
Stage 1. Selection and calculation of the main indicators of the economic development
of rural areas, including financial ones.
It should be borne in mind:
a) we purposefully study economic aspects, not including social, environmental
indicators, etc., based on the purpose of the study;
b) information is used only from official sources; therefore, it is of an aggregated
nature. There are the following disadvantages: there is no accounting for more detailed
aspects of the economic activity of each economic entity; the set of indicators does not allow
studying the business and financial activity of economic entities.
Objectives of the quality
monitoring and evaluation system
Providing
information
Providing the relevant state authorities of
the constituent entities of the Russian
Federation with information on the quality
level of the organization and
implementation of the budget process in
municipalities
Taking action
The adoption of timely measures by the
relevant state authorities of the constituent
entities of the Russian Federation on the
basis of information obtained in the course
of monitoring the quality of financial
management
Perfecting
Identification of the best practice of
organizing and implementing the budgetary
process in municipalities and its
dissemination
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c) the set of indicators should take into account the specifics of agricultural
(agricultural) production; therefore, information is used on the forms of reporting on the
financial and economic status of producers of the agro-industrial complex (agriculture)
(Markovina et al., 2020; Mukhina et al., 2020).
Stage 2. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of economic security by comparative
assessment of actual data with threshold values and desired development trends from the
standpoint of the ability of the territory's economy to sustainable growth.
The partial and integral coefficients of economic security are determined (Kontsevaya
et al., 2019; Frantsisko et al. 2020).
Stage 3. Revealing the directions of economic threats by the levels of the system of
indicators, including particular criteria (Sheremet, 2009).
A system of scales is proposed that indicates the level of financial security stability
(Figure 2).
Stage 4. Substantiation of recommendations to improve economic security
(Endovitsky and Durakova, 2018).
The descriptive method was applied during the study; this method is a system of
procedures for collecting, primary analysis and presentation of data and their characteristics.
2. Results and discussion
The algorithm for constructing a development system, and the calculation of integral
and private indicators of the financial security of the territory should take into account
different indicators.
First stage. Selection of the main indicators of financial and economic development of
rural areas.
The group financial safety factor will accordingly be calculated for each group.
Group 1 - indicators of the quality of municipal finance management.
In this group of indicators, we select summary indicators in the areas determined by
the Monitoring Methodology.
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Figure 2 - Scaling the level of financial security stability (author's development)
Assessment of the level of financial security stability
Financial security level
Sustainable
security
(≥ 1,0)
The normal level of the values of
indicators corresponds to the standards
adopted in economic practice or trends
in the sustainability of economic
development
Pre-crisis 1
(0,96-0,99)
The initial stage, the zone of observation
of threats, significant violations or
restrictions is not observed, it is
necessary to monitor the state of
development of the object
Developing stage, zone of initial
regulation of threats (certain control
actions are required on the system to
prevent the growth of threats and return
the system to a normal state)
Pre-crisis 2
(0,91-0,95)
Risk and threat level
Pre-crisis 3
(0,81 -0,90)
Crisis 1
(0,71 - 0,80)
Critical stage, zone of initial intervention
(specific preventive regulatory measures
are taken to neutralize threats)
Unstable stage, zone of strong action of
threats (requires holding a competition
of high-cost events on its own in most
cases, urgent)
Crisis 2
(0,61-0,70)
Crisis 3
(≤ 0,60)
Threatening stage, zone of operational
measures (a complex of urgent large-
scale actions is required to prevent the
development of a crisis situation and
disruption of the stable operation of the
system and its elements, raising funds
from outside)
An emergency stage, a zone of loss of
stability (the processes of stability of the
development of the system are disrupted,
basically it is necessary to solve the
problems of its survival; strong external
influences are required with the help of
large material and other resources)
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Group 2 - indicators of economic development.
In this group, the emphasis is on financial indicators and objects of taxation.
Group 3 - financial results of business activities of large and medium-sized
organizations.
The peculiarity of this group is that indicators are selected that characterize the value
of the property of business entities, and some indicators of the financial condition of
organizations in the region, which are presented in the official reporting, as well as the
author's calculations of the financial condition of business entities.
Group 4 - indicators of the efficiency of agricultural production.
The indicators characterizing the financial and production results and the results of
the effectiveness of state support for 2016-2018 were selected based on the data of financial
statements of 17 farms in the Balezinsky district of the Udmurt Republic (Table 1).
Table 1 - Indicators for calculating the financial security ratios of rural areas on the example of
Balezinsky district
Name
2016
2017
2018
Group 1 “Indicators of the quality of municipal finance management”
1.1. Indicators characterizing the quality of budget
planning
11,3542
11,6508
9,3219
1.2. Indicators characterizing the quality of budget
execution
11,3376
14,717
12,7416
1.3. Indicators characterizing the quality of debt
management
10,9185
11,9256
11,9186
1.4. Indicators characterizing the quality of
municipal property management and the provision
of municipal services
7,1874
8,3568
8,4167
1.5. Indicators characterizing the degree of
transparency of the budget process
4,3124
5,5868
4,537
1.6. Indicators characterizing the implementation of
the decrees of the President of the Russian
Federation of May 7, 2012
7,1529
5,5694
7,7504
1.7. Indicators characterizing the organization of
financial control and audit
7,6985
7,2013
9,9993
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Group 2 “Indicators of economic development of the municipality (financial results
and objects of taxation)”
2.1. The ratio of the revenue and expenditure parts of
the municipal budget
0,97
0,98
1,01
2.2. The share of tax and non-tax revenues of the
local budget (excluding tax revenues according to
additional deduction rates) in the total volume of the
municipal budget's own revenues (excluding
subventions), %
50,52
45,15
55,15
2.3. Share of fixed assets of organizations of
municipal form of ownership that are in the stage of
bankruptcy in fixed assets of organizations of
municipal form of ownership (at the end of the year
at full book value), %
0,00
0,00
0,00
2.4. The volume of investments in fixed assets
(excluding budget funds) per capita, rubles
4515,60
7817,71
4840,88
2.5. The share of the area of land plots that are
objects of taxation by land tax in the total area of the
territory of the urban district (municipal district), %
25,39
25,31
25,70
2.7. Average monthly nominal accrued wages of
employees of large and medium-sized enterprises,
rubles
19608,90
21511,80
24358,60
Group 3 “Financial indicators of entrepreneurial activity of large, medium-sized
organizations and small enterprises”
3.1. Amount of funds allocated to support SMEs,
thousand rubles
3850
56346,4
80308
3.2. The value of the property of organizations not
related to small businesses, million rubles
1965,6
2039,0
1812,9
3.3. Capital and reserves of organizations not related
to small businesses, million rubles
975,4
1070,6
1179,7
3.4. Balanced financial result (profit minus loss) of
organizations' activities, million rubles
61,7
65,6
34,9
3.5. Share of unprofitable organizations that are not
small businesses, %
25,0
14,3
46,2
3.6. The amount of losses incurred by organizations
other than small businesses, million rubles
23,6
53,6
44,0
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3.7. The excess of accounts payable over accounts
receivable as a percentage of organizations
receivable, %
42,2
68,4
39,0
3.8. Costs for the production and sale of sold goods,
products, works, services of organizations not
related to small businesses, per 1 ruble of sales
proceeds, rubles
1167
1232
1193
3.9. Profitability of sold goods, products, works,
services of organizations, %
4,0
8,0
0,7
3.10. Profitability of all assets of organizations, %
3,1
3,2
1,9
3.11. Organizational autonomy ratio
49,6
52,5
65,1
3.12. Coefficient of provision with own working
capital of organizations
-3,2
9,5
27,2
3.13. Current liquidity ratio of organizations
131,4
162,9
199,5
4 group “Financial indicators of the efficiency of agricultural production”
4.1. Ratio of revenue from the total cost of milk
production and sales, %
108,8
115,3
108,2
4.2. The ratio of proceeds from the total cost of
production and sale of meat, %
71,0
74,8
63,0
4.3. Agricultural products in all categories of farms
in the district, million rubles
2598
2743
2717
4.4. Share of profitable agricultural organizations in
their total number
88,24
82,35
76,47
4.5. Profit before tax per employee, thousand rubles
24,9
40,7
11,0
4.6. Taxes paid per 1 ha x-lands, thousand rubles
0,79
0,71
0,74
4.7. Agricultural products sold per 1 ruble of state
support, rubles
9,48
11,36
10,9
4.8. Profit volume for 1 ruble of state support, rubles
0,38
0,68
0,17
*Authoring
Second stage. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of economic security by
comparative assessment of actual data with threshold values and desired development trends
from the standpoint of the ability of the territory's economy to sustainable growth.
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We apply a comparative assessment methodology (system-integration approach)
based on qualimetry methods at this stage.
Financial (economic) security is presented in the form of a hierarchical structure ("tree
of properties"), at the highest level of which is the integral indicator, and at the lowest level
are the private indicators (coefficients).
The specific thresholds used in assessing the economic security of a country and
regions are not suitable for the municipal level. In our case, we work taking into account the
desired development trend from the standpoint of the ability of the territory's economy to
sustainable growth.
Assessment method:
1. The integral coefficient of financial security stability K
fin_security
is determined by the
weighted sum formula:
where is the financial safety factor for the j-th group;
is weight of financial security for the j-th group;
n is the number of groups.
2. We determine the coefficient for each j-th group
We use the harmonic mean formula to determine the indicator:
where is the private coefficient of financial security in the j-th direction in the i-th
parameter;
n is the number of parameters;
3. Selection of values of weighting factors.
In our opinion, the group of indicators of the financial security of agricultural
production should be given greater importance in determining the financial security of rural
areas.
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The following weighting factors were selected in agreement with the employees of the
Balezinsky District Agriculture Department (Head of the Agriculture Department, Head of
the Production and Technological Department, Head of the Rural Development Sector):
Group 1 = 0.2
Group 2 = 0.2
Group 3 = 0.2
Group 4 = 0.4
The sum of the weights is 1.
4. We calculate the partial coefficients taking into account the characteristics of
improving (strengthening) financial security
4.1. The variant when the desired trend is an increase in the private parameter. For
example, all indicators of group 1, the product profitability indicator (3.9) will be direct, that
is, their increase means improved financial security and reduce risks. The coefficient is
calculated by the ratio of the reporting period to the base period. We compare with the
previous year on the principles of sustainability:
4.2. The variant when the desired trend is a decrease in the value of a particular
parameter. For example, the share of unprofitable organizations (3.5), costs per 1 ruble.
revenues (3.8) will be reversed, that is, their increase means a decrease in financial security.
The calculation formula is:
The calculated values of the coefficients are listed in Table 2.
Stage three. Identification of directions of economic threats by the levels of the system
of indicators, including particular criteria.
It was revealed on the basis of the obtained data of the financial security coefficient
that the level of security stability in 2018 is significantly lower than the level of 2017 and it
decreased from 1.142 to 0.942.
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This means that there is an increase in risks and threats, which manifested themselves
to a greater extent in group 3, then in group 4, group 2. The situation is positive in the first
group, but the district administration should pay attention to improving the quality of
budget planning and the degree of transparency of the budget process.
Table 2 - Calculation of private, group and integral coefficients of financial security of
rural areas using the example of Balezinsky district
Name
2017
2018
Group 1 “Indicators of the quality of municipal finance management”
1.1. Quality of budget planning
1,026
0,800
1.2. Quality of budget execution
1,298
0,866
1.3. Debt management quality
1,092
0,999
1.4. The quality of municipal property management and the provision
of municipal services
1,163
1,007
1.5. Transparency of the budget process
1,296
0,812
1.6. Implementation of the decrees of the President of the Russian
Federation of 05/07/12
0,779
1,392
1.7. Organization of financial control and audit
0,935
1,389
Group coefficient K1
1,069
1,013
Group 2 “Indicators of economic development of the municipality (financial results
and objects of taxation)”
2.1. The ratio of the revenue and expenditure parts of the municipal
budget
1,010
1,031
2.2. The share of tax and non-tax revenues of the local budget in the
total volume of own revenues of the budget of the municipal formation
0,894
1,221
2.3. Share of fixed assets of organizations of municipal ownership that
are in the stage of bankruptcy
1,000
1,000
2.4. The volume of investments in fixed assets per capita
1,731
0,619
2.5. The share of the area of land plots that are objects of land taxation
in the total area of the district
0,997
1,015
2.6. Average monthly nominal accrued wages
1,097
1,132
Group coefficient K2
1,093
0,982
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Group 3 “Financial indicators of entrepreneurial activity of large, medium-sized
organizations and small enterprises”
3.1. Amount of funds allocated to support SMEs
14,635
1,425
3.2. Property value of organizations
1,037
0,889
3.3. Capital and reserves of organizations
1,098
1,102
3.4. Balanced financial result of organizations' activities
1,063
0,532
3.5. Share of unprofitable organizations
1,748
0,310
3.6. The amount of losses received by organizations
0,440
1,218
3.7. The excess of accounts payable over accounts receivable
1,621
0,570
3.8. Costs per 1 ruble of sales revenue
1,032
0,939
3.9. Profitability of sold goods, products, works, services of organizations
2,000
0,088
3.10. Profitability of all assets of organizations
1,032
0,594
3.11. Organizational autonomy ratio
1,058
1,240
3.12. Ownership ratio
4,000
2,863
working capital of organizations
1,240
1,225
3.13. Current liquidity ratio of organizations
1,528
0,771
Group 4 “Financial indicators of the efficiency of agricultural production”
4.1. Milk production efficiency
0,973
0,934
4.2. Production efficiency of cattle gain
1,017
0,949
4.3. Grain production efficiency
1,022
0,963
4.4. Potato production efficiency
0,998
1,020
4.5. Efficiency of production and sales of products in general
0,998
0,954
4.6. Share of profitable agricultural organizations
0,933
0,929
4.7. Profit before tax per employee, thousand rubles
1,635
0,270
4.8. Taxes paid per hectare of agricultural land, thousand rubles
0,899
1,042
4.9. Agricultural products sold for 1 ruble of state support, rubles
1,198
0,960
4.10. Profit volume for 1 ruble of state support, rubles
1,789
0,250
Group coefficient K4
1,010
0,973
Integral indicator of financial security of Balezinsky district
К
fin_security
= К1·0,2 + К2·0,2 + К3·0,2 + К4·0,4
1,142
0,942
*Authoring
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Table 3 - Systematization of parameters by types of threats to financial security
The level of economic
security by the degree of
threats
Parameter (value of the private coefficient of financial
security)
≥ 1,0
sustainable security
83% of the parameters of group 1 "Indicators of the quality
of municipal finance management"
57% of the parameters of group 2 "Indicators of the
economic development of the municipality"
For other groups, insignificant 1-3 parameters have a safe
state
0,96-0,99
initial stage of threats
4.9. Agricultural products sold per 1 ruble of state support
(0.960)
4.3. The ratio of revenue to the total cost of production and
sale of grain (0.964)
0,91-0,95
developing stage of threats
4.6. Share of profitable agricultural organizations in their
total number (0.929)
4.1. Ratio of revenue to total cost of milk production and
sales (0.934)
3.8. Costs per ruble of revenue of large and medium-sized
enterprises (0.939)
4.2. The ratio of revenue to the total cost of production and
sales of the increase in workover (0.949)
4.5. The ratio of proceeds to the total cost of production of
all agricultural products (0.954)
0,81 -0,90
critical stage
1.5. Indicators characterizing the degree of transparency of
the budget process (0.812)
1.2. Indicators characterizing the quality of budget
execution (0.866)
3.2. Property value of large and medium-sized
organizations (0.889)
0,71 – 0,80
unstable stage
1.1. Indicators characterizing the quality of budget
planning (0.800)
0,61-0,70
threatening stage
2.4. Investment in fixed assets (excluding budget funds)
per capita (0.619)
≤ 0,60
emergency stage
3.9. Profitability of sold goods, products, works, services of
organizations (0.088)
4.10. The amount of profit per 1 ruble of state support in
agriculture (0.250)
4.7. Profit before tax per 1 worker in agriculture (0.270)
3.5. Share of unprofitable organizations (0.310)
3.4. Balanced financial result (0.532)
3.7. The excess of accounts payable over accounts
receivable (0.570)
3.10. Return on all assets of organizations (0.594)
*Authoring
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It can be argued that the greatest problems (risks and threats) are manifested in the
production spheres of the economy of the Balezinsky district:
- 7 out of 13 (54%) parameters for group 3 "Financial indicators of entrepreneurial activity
of large, medium-sized organizations and small enterprises" characterize different levels of
the crisis state of financial security. The group coefficient was 0.771. In general, it is an
unstable stage, when the business is in a zone of strong threats and urgent measures are
required that the business community, together with municipal authorities, can solve on
their own;
- only 2 indicators out of 10 in group 4 “Financial indicators of agricultural production
efficiency” characterize the stability of economic security, but the rest of the parameters
generally indicate a pre-crisis state, when violations and restrictions can still be removed
with skillful operational management of business processes in agricultural production. The
group coefficient was 0.973.
Fourth stage. Justification of recommendations to improve economic security.
Considering that in 2018 the final financial safety factor was 0.942, it is impossible to
achieve the ideal level (more than 1) in a short time in modern realities.
On the basis of private coefficients of financial security, one can select especially
significant problems in each group and formulate directions for strengthening financial
security. The economy of Balezinsky district can become quite financially stable with
detailed elaboration of measures for each problem area.
Conclusions
The analysis of the economic development of rural areas is carried out on the example of
the Balezinsky district of the Udmurt Republic. The analysis showed that the socio-
economic situation of the district is experiencing certain risks and threats to economic
security: an unfavorable demographic situation, an increase in unemployment, a decrease in
production volumes, etc.
The proposed systematization of economic development indicators, and the calculation
of integral and private indicators of the financial security of the territory using the principles
of qualimetry (the science of measuring quality) will help determine financial indicators in
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assessing the economic security of not only one district of the Udmurt Republic, but also
other rural areas of the country.
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