Instituto de Estudios Políticos y Derecho Público "Dr. Humberto J. La Roche"
de la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Políticas de la Universidad del Zulia
Maracaibo, Venezuela
Publicación cientíca en formato digital
ISSN-Versión Impresa 0798-1406 / ISSN-Versión on line 2542-3185
Depósito legal pp 197402ZU34
ppi 201502ZU4645
Vol.40 N° 74
2022
Recibido el 14/07/22 Aceptado el 25/08/22
ISSN 0798- 1406 ~ De pó si to le gal pp 198502ZU132
Cues tio nes Po lí ti cas
La re vis ta Cues tio nes Po lí ti cas, es una pu bli ca ción aus pi cia da por el Ins ti tu to
de Es tu dios Po lí ti cos y De re cho Pú bli co “Dr. Hum ber to J. La Ro che” (IEPDP) de la Fa-
cul tad de Cien cias Ju rí di cas y Po lí ti cas de la Uni ver si dad del Zu lia.
En tre sus ob je ti vos fi gu ran: con tri buir con el pro gre so cien tí fi co de las Cien cias
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avan ces o re sul ta dos de in ves ti ga ción en las áreas de Cien cia Po lí ti ca y De re cho Pú bli-
co, los cua les son so me ti dos a la con si de ra ción de ár bi tros ca li fi ca dos.
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Re vis ta Cues tio nes Po lí ti cas. Av. Gua ji ra. Uni ver si dad del Zu lia. Nú cleo Hu ma nís ti co. Fa-
cul tad de Cien cias Ju rí di cas y Po lí ti cas. Ins ti tu to de Es tu dios Po lí ti cos y De re cho Pú bli co
“Dr. Hum ber to J. La Ro che”. Ma ra cai bo, Ve ne zue la. E- mail: cues tio nes po li ti cas@gmail.
com ~ loi chi ri nos por til lo@gmail.com. Te le fax: 58- 0261- 4127018.
Vol. 40, Nº 74 (2022), 662-672
IEPDP-Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Políticas - LUZ
Interactions between the
international convention and the system
of guaranteeing the rights of persons
with disabilities in Ukraine
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4074.36
Yevhen Sobol *
Vitalii Kondratenko **
Olena Okopnyk ***
Kostyantun Fomichov ****
Ihor Skliarenko *****
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to clarify the essence and outline
the functions of the international convention-institutional
mechanism for the observance and protection of human
rights, as well as to reveal the directions of its interaction with
the national system of administrative and legal protection of the rights
and freedoms of persons with disabilities of Ukraine. We use methods
of scientic knowledge, in particular system-functional, formal-legal,
technical-legal, methods of analysis and synthesis. The National system of
ensuring the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities of Ukraine,
which is presented in the form of a three-level structure, among which:
organizational level - is implemented by the Commissioner of the President
of Ukraine for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Government
Commissioner for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities; management level
– the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine; functional level – individual central
bodies of the executive power of Ukraine, their structural units and local
self-government bodies. The key directions and principles of coordinated
interaction of public administration subjects with relevant international
institutions, primarily the UN and the Council of Europe, in the analyzed
area are indicated.
* Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine.
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-8354
** Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine.
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6015-8326
*** Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine.
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0598-0557
**** Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine.
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-6441
***** Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine.
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2104-6721
663
CUESTIONES POLÍTICAS
Vol. 40 Nº 74 (2022): 662-672
Keywords: convention-institutional mechanism; administrative and
legal support system; law and freedom; persons with
disabilities; public administration bodies.
Interacciones entre la convención internacional y el
sistema de garantía de los derechos de las personas con
discapacidad en Ucrania
Resumen
El estudio tuvo por objeto esclarecer la esencia y delinear las funciones
del convenio internacional-mecanismo institucional para la observancia y
protección de los derechos humanos, así como develar los sentidos de su
interacción con el sistema nacional de protección administrativa y judicial
de los derechos humanos y libertades de las personas con discapacidad
en Ucrania. Utilizamos métodos de conocimiento cientíco, en particular
métodos de análisis y síntesis sistémico-funcionales, formal-jurídicos
y técnico-jurídicos. El Sistema nacional para garantizar los derechos y
libertades de las personas con discapacidad de Ucrania, se presenta en
forma de una estructura de tres niveles, los cuales son: nivel organizacional:
es implementado por el Comisionado del Presidente de Ucrania para los
Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad y el Comisionado del Gobierno
para los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad; nivel de gestión:
responsabilidad del Gabinete de Ministros de Ucrania; nivel funcional:
órganos centrales individuales del poder ejecutivo de Ucrania, sus unidades
estructurales y órganos de autogobierno local. En las conclusiones del caso,
se indican las direcciones y principios clave de la interacción coordinada de
los sujetos de la administración pública con las instituciones internacionales
relevantes, principalmente la ONU y el Consejo de Europa.
Palabras clave: convención-mecanismo institucional; sistema de apoyo
administrativo y jurídico; derecho y libertad; personas
con discapacidad; órganos de la administración pública.
Introduction
Today, the public administration of Ukraine takes an active part in the
functioning of the international human rights system of the UN and the
Council of Europe, and has also ocially assumed international obligations
in terms of ensuring the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities. A
signicant number of such obligations have been fullled, but a number of
664
Yevhen Sobol, Vitalii Kondratenko, Olena Okopnyk, Kostyantun Fomichov y Ihor Skliarenko
Interactions between the international convention and the system of guaranteeing the rights of
persons with disabilities in Ukraine
provisions of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
are still often ignored, which makes life dicult for this category of citizens.
In view of this, the need for further search and development of legal
instruments for the interaction of international institutions and domestic
subjects of power regarding the implementation of an eective system of
administrative and legal means of ensuring the rights and freedoms of
persons with disabilities in Ukraine does not disappear from the agenda.
It deserves special attention that the human rights activities of
international organizations and international standards for ensuring the
rights and freedoms of people, in particular persons with disabilities,
by public authorities have become the subject of scientic research by
many Ukrainian scientists. A number of important issues related to this
problem have been subjected to theoretical and legal analysis, but the
issues of interdependence of the implementation of Ukraine’s international
obligations and the eectiveness of the use of administrative and legal
means of ensuring the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities
remain insuciently considered.
1. Objectives
The purpose of the study is to clarify the essence and functions of the
international convention and institutional mechanism for ensuring human
rights, as well as the main directions of its interaction with the national
system of public realization and protection of the rights, freedoms and
legitimate interests of persons with disabilities of Ukraine.
2. Materials and methods
The article is based on a legal analysis of the international legal acts
of the UN and the Council of Europe, the provisions of current Ukrainian
legislation and a general overview of practice in the eld of application
of administrative and legal instruments regarding the observance and
protection of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of persons with
disabilities by certain competent bodies of the executive power and ocials
(Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, Ministry of Education and Science of
Ukraine, Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine, Ministry of Economy of
Ukraine, Ministry of Reintegration of Temporarily Occupied Territories
of Ukraine, Ministry of Justice of Ukraine, Commissioner of the President
of Ukraine for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Government
Commissioner for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities disability).
665
CUESTIONES POLÍTICAS
Vol. 40 Nº 74 (2022): 662-672
The methodological basis of the article is formed by a set of methods
of scientic knowledge, in particular, systemic-functional, formal-legal,
technical-legal methods contributed to the disclosure of the essence, content
and functional orientation of the contractual-legal and organizational-legal
aspects of the international convention-institutional mechanism for the
observance and protection of human rights.
Taking into account the administrative-legal direction of international
standards for ensuring the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities,
relevant international documents are systematized in ve blocks. The
specics of the legal status of the relevant competent bodies of the public
administration of Ukraine and ocials are also revealed.
The structural-analytical method, methods of analysis and synthesis
made it possible to reveal the levels of the national system of administrative
and legal protection of the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities
and to propose priority measures for the fulllment of Ukraine’s
international obligations in the eld of implementation of the Convention
on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
The specied measures provide for the introduction of a legal mechanism
of state statistical monitoring in the eld of education, construction and
transport in relation to persons with disabilities, the development of project
proposals for the use of funds of international nancial support taking into
account the needs of persons with disabilities, the development of a joint
plan of measures to promote the provision of assistance by representatives
of international organizations, who are in the temporarily occupied
territories.
3. Results and discussion
It is generally accepted in international law that the international
convention-institutional mechanism for ensuring the rights and freedoms
of a person includes two components: the contractual-legal (conventional)
aspect - international acts and treaties on human rights, which dene the
list of relevant objects of state protection, general principles, ways, methods,
directions of its implementation; organizational and legal (institutional)
aspect – the statutory activity of international organizations and other
relevant competent bodies and ocials who, in order to realize their legal
status, exercise control (supervision) over the correct implementation into
the practical plane of the established international approaches to ensuring
the rights and freedoms of man and citizen, take measures to stop relevant
violations.
666
Yevhen Sobol, Vitalii Kondratenko, Olena Okopnyk, Kostyantun Fomichov y Ihor Skliarenko
Interactions between the international convention and the system of guaranteeing the rights of
persons with disabilities in Ukraine
Based on the administrative-legal direction of international standards
for ensuring the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities, we
systematize relevant international documents, which will allow us to
determine the basic elements of the above-mentioned conventional
component of the human rights protection mechanism.
The rst block of legal acts includes the main doctrinal international acts
of the UN, which are the basis of the global system of human rights protection.
These documents establish the legal obligations of the public authorities
to guarantee the rights and freedoms of the less protected population, as
well as dene the basic principles of the application of appropriate legal
remedies and the restoration of violated rights (Kondratenko et al., 2020).
The second block consists of numerous conventions and recommendations
of the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Labor
Organization (ILO), the United Nations Educational, Scientic and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO), which establish requirements in a recommended
or mandatory form to national bodies of public administration in their
spheres of competence. Such legal acts are not only of a general nature, but
also a number of them are devoted to solving the problems of persons with
disabilities in matters of employment and employment, education, social
security, etc.
The third block concerns international European regional institutions,
primarily conventions, resolutions and recommendations of the
Parliamentary Assembly and the Committee of Ministers of the Council of
Europe. Taking into account the provisions of legal acts on human rights,
the legal grounds and conditions for the administrative and legal provision
of the rights and freedoms of various categories of citizens of the member
states of the Council of Europe have been expanded and specied.
The fourth block is of a specialized nature, which relate exclusively to
the implementation and protection of the rights and freedoms of persons
with disabilities, adopted mainly by the UN and the Council of Europe,
their statutory bodies and relevant ocials. The specied documents
dene the framework for the implementation of the legal status of public
administration bodies and the use of appropriate administrative and legal
means to ensure the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities in the
main spheres of social life.
The fth block includes a signicant number of documents adopted
by various international organizations and other competent entities, but
common to them is the regulation of certain important issues related to
the implementation and protection of human rights and freedoms, where
a certain number of provisions are partially or fully devoted to individuals
with a disability.
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CUESTIONES POLÍTICAS
Vol. 40 Nº 74 (2022): 662-672
The conventional component of the international mechanism for
ensuring the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities is a fundamental
and systemic entity supplemented by legal means of an institutional nature.
The statutory activities of relevant international organizations, including,
if we speak directly about our country, the UN and the Council of Europe,
are entrusted with the duty of ensuring compliance with international legal
standards on human rights, while simultaneously promoting development
taking into account modern requirements of international legislation on
creating equal opportunities for people with impaired body functions.
Along with a number of international bodies, the UN Committee on the
Rights of Persons with Disabilities (Convention on the Rights of Persons
with Disabilities, 2006) has a specialized nature.
The Council of Europe also pursues a similar goal in its activities,
that is, achieving greater unity among its members in order to preserve
and implement the ideals and principles that are the common property
of the European community. In this context, ensuring the recognition
of the principles of the rule of law and the exercise of human rights and
fundamental freedoms by all persons under the jurisdiction of the said
regional authority (Statute of the Council of Europe, 1949) comes rst.
To enable the proper implementation of the provisions of the Convention
on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the
European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) functions, which is extremely
important within the outlined issues, because it acts as a court that,
according to the established procedure, resolves disputes regarding violated
individual rights on the territory of the member states of the Council of
Europe. The practice of the ECtHR is a component of domestic law, while
its decisions are binding on all subjects of public and private law in Ukraine
(European Court of Human Rights, 2022).
International human rights mechanisms and the system of administrative
and legal protection of the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities
in Ukraine are closely interconnected, where cooperation between them is
implemented in general and special directions by competent bodies and
ocials of the public administration, as well as by other subjects authorized
to apply appropriate legal remedies.
The general direction of interaction includes certain forms and types
of coordination of agreed actions and decisions made regarding the
implementation and protection of the rights of various segments of the
population on the part of international institutions and national authorities,
where the following vectors are the main ones:
1. participation in scheduled and unscheduled meetings of
international organizations, as part of which includes our country;
668
Yevhen Sobol, Vitalii Kondratenko, Olena Okopnyk, Kostyantun Fomichov y Ihor Skliarenko
Interactions between the international convention and the system of guaranteeing the rights of
persons with disabilities in Ukraine
2. international cooperation and conclusion of international
agreements with international institutions and other countries in the
eld of human rights, where the leading role belongs to cooperation
with the Council of Europe (Government portal. Unied web portal
of executive authorities of Ukraine, 2022);
3. Ukraine’s fulllment of formal duties and obligations to respected
international organizations, in particular the UN, the Council
of Europe, the OSCE, as well as monitoring their compliance in
accordance with the relevant recommendations and resolutions of
the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe;
4. the functioning of human rights bodies and ocials who cooperate
with international institutions in their activities, in particular
the Oce of International Cooperation of the Secretariat of the
Plenipotentiary of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on Human Rights
and the Government Plenipotentiary for ECHR Aairs (Ocial
website of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine, 2022).
The specics of the legal and social status of persons with disabilities
require the specication of the relevant elements of the international
convention-institutional human rights mechanism in order to best enable
the fulllment of their needs on an equal basis with others, which is provided
for by the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine and the Convention on
the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. (Sobol et al., 2020).
Taking into account the criterion of our country’s fulllment of
international obligations on human rights, the domestic system of ensuring
the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities should be presented
in the form of a three-level structure, which includes the following steps:
a) organizational level, which is implemented by the Commissioner of the
President of Ukraine for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the
Government Commissioner for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities; b)
management level – the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine; c) functional level
– individual central bodies of executive power, their structural subdivisions
and local self-government bodies.
The organizational level plays an important role in the system of
guaranteeing the fulllment of international obligations on the issues of
ensuring the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities, where the
following tasks are implemented: 1) monitoring compliance with and
facilitating Ukraine’s fulllment of international obligations in the relevant
eld; 2) assistance to central and local subjects of public administration in
the fulllment of international obligations regarding the observance of the
rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities, enshrined in international
legal acts and international treaties; 3) implementation of image and
information-explanatory activities at the international and national level
669
CUESTIONES POLÍTICAS
Vol. 40 Nº 74 (2022): 662-672
regarding the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities, as well as the
results of the activities of competent subjects of public administration at
the expense of the eectiveness of ensuring compliance with and fulllment
of international human rights obligations.
The executive level of the implementation of international obligations
on the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities is implemented by
the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and provides for the following tasks:
1) implementation of measures to establish intergovernmental cooperation
and conclusion of international agreements on the rights and freedoms of
persons with disabilities; 2) development, approval and implementation
of state target programs on the harmonization of domestic legislation and
the implementation of law enforcement practices of public administration
entities to ensure the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities in
accordance with international human rights standards; 3) direction,
coordination and control over the activities of central and local executive
bodies regarding the proper, full and timely fulllment of international
obligations to respect the rights and freedoms of people with persistent
violations of body functions.
Practical implementation of international standards and international
agreements on the rights of persons with disabilities is entrusted to a number
of ministries and other executive authorities. The functional level of the
fulllment of international obligations to ensure the rights and freedoms of
persons with disabilities involves the implementation of the following tasks:
1) ensuring the formation and implementation of state policy in the relevant
areas regarding the creation of appropriate living conditions in society for
persons with disabilities on a level with other citizens, taking into account
international standards on human rights; 2) development of projects of
normative legal acts on issues that belong to their competence regarding
persons with disabilities, based on the provisions of the Convention on the
Rights of Persons with Disabilities and other relevant international acts;
3) implementation of state social standards and guarantees for persons
with disabilities, taking into account the rules and regulations established
in international legal acts and international agreements; 4) application of
a set of administrative and legal means aimed at ensuring the fulllment
of international obligations on the rights and freedoms of persons with
disabilities; 5) implementation of coordination and analytical activities
in relation to public administration bodies regarding the fulllment of
their duties to ensure the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities
according to international human rights standards.
The analysis of the updated regulatory and legal array made it possible
to nd out the list of unfullled planned measures provided for by the
National Action Plan for the Implementation of the Convention on the
Rights of Persons with Disabilities for the period until 2025 (National
670
Yevhen Sobol, Vitalii Kondratenko, Olena Okopnyk, Kostyantun Fomichov y Ihor Skliarenko
Interactions between the international convention and the system of guaranteeing the rights of
persons with disabilities in Ukraine
Action Plan for the Implementation of the Convention on the Rights of
Persons with Disabilities for the Period until 2025, 2022). In connection
with this, the meticulous fulllment of assumed international obligations
through the following measures, which must be implemented in the near
future, looks urgent, in particular:
1. The Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and the
State Statistics Service of Ukraine to introduce an eective legal
mechanism of state statistical monitoring in the eld of education,
construction and transport regarding persons with disabilities;
2. To the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine and the Ministry of
Economy of Ukraine to develop project proposals for the use of funds
of international nancial support, taking into account the needs of
persons with disabilities, primarily in the eld of education, culture
and sports;
3. The Ministry of Reintegration of the Temporarily Occupied
Territories of Ukraine and the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine
should work out a joint plan of measures to promote the provision
of assistance by representatives of international organizations
to persons with disabilities who are in the temporarily occupied
territories.
Conclusions
Based on the results of the research on the interaction of the international
convention-institutional human rights mechanism and the national system
of administrative-legal protection of the rights and freedoms of persons
with disabilities in Ukraine, it is appropriate to draw the following general
conclusions.
1. The international convention-institutional mechanism for the
observance and protection of the rights and freedoms of persons with
disabilities should be understood as a unied and formalized system of legal
means, methods and forms provided for by the provisions of international
human rights law and special legislation regarding people with special
needs, which are carried out by competent international institutions with
the aim of implementing, protecting and restoring the violated rights and
freedoms of persons with disabilities, as well as a set of legal guarantees
of compliance and implementation of international standards for ensuring
the rights and freedoms of the specied category of persons by national
public administrations.
2. The following functions are inherent to the international convention-
institutional mechanism for ensuring the rights and freedoms of persons
with disabilities:
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CUESTIONES POLÍTICAS
Vol. 40 Nº 74 (2022): 662-672
• humanistic function - the spread of ideals in the world regarding
the promotion and development of respect for the rights of persons
with disabilities;
• integration function - promotion of interpenetration of provisions
between international law on issues of ensuring the rights and
freedoms of persons with disabilities and domestic law;
• law enforcement function – protection and restoration of violated
rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities;
• regulatory function – establishment of legal prescriptions regarding
the implementation and protection of the rights and freedoms of
persons with disabilities, as well as the obligations of national public
authorities on dened issues, objectied in international legal acts;
• control function – monitoring of the implementation of relevant
international standards into national legislation, as well as control
of the fulllment of international obligations undertaken by national
public authorities;
• jurisdictional function – consideration and resolution of cases of
violation of the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities and
rendering of a justied court decision;
• coordination function - coordination of actions and adopted
decisions of subjects of international law regarding the provision of
rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities;
• informational and explanatory function - development and
distribution among the relevant member states of international
organizations of informational, methodical and other similar
materials regarding the means, methods and forms of
implementation and protection of the rights and freedoms of
persons with disabilities.
The interaction between the subjects of the public administration of
Ukraine and the international convention-institutional mechanism for
ensuring the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities is complex and
multifaceted, based on the following principles: a) a functional combination
of the primacy of international law and the independence of domestic law
on the implementation and protection of rights and freedoms of people with
disabilities; b) consistency of the goal and objectives of the implementation
of the state policy of Ukraine to ensure the rights and freedoms of people
with disabilities and relevant international standards; c) coordinated nature
of joint actions and decisions taken to ensure the rights and freedoms of
persons with disabilities between international organizations and public
administration bodies; d) mandatory observance and fulllment by public
administration bodies of international obligations to ensure the rights and
freedoms of persons with disabilities.
672
Yevhen Sobol, Vitalii Kondratenko, Olena Okopnyk, Kostyantun Fomichov y Ihor Skliarenko
Interactions between the international convention and the system of guaranteeing the rights of
persons with disabilities in Ukraine
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GOVERNMENT PORTAL. THE ONLY WEB PORTAL OF EXECUTIVE
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www.luz.edu.ve
www.serbi.luz.edu.ve
www.produccioncienticaluz.org
Esta revista fue editada en formato digital y publicada
en octubre de 2022, por el Fondo Editorial Serbiluz,
Universidad del Zulia. Maracaibo-Venezuela
Vol.40 Nº 74
