https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e34417
Received: 08/03/2024 Accepted: 09/05/2024 Published: 27/07/2024
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Revista Científica, FCV-LUZ / Vol. XXXIV, rcfcv-e34417
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to histologically and histomorphometrically








period. Histological staining was performed using hematoxylin and
eosin staining to analyze the osseointegration. Examinations of the







PPP

on implant osseointegration. More studies are needed to clarify the
tegration.
Key words: 

RESUMEN
  




















PPP



Palabras clave: 


Evaluation of the effect of local Bovine Amniotic Fluid on Osseointegration
of Titanium Implants: A Histologic and Histomorphometric Study
Evaluación del efecto del líquido amniótico bovino local sobre la osteointegración
de implantes de titanio: un estudio histológico e histomorfométrico
Ozmen Istek
1
, Murat Tanrisever
2
* , Melek Atille Aydin
3
, Pınar Pak
3
, Hatice Eroksuz
4
, Burak Karabulut
4
, Elif Ekinci
5
, Serkan Dundar
3
1
Mus Alparslan University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nursing. Mus, Türkiye.
2
Firat University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgery, Elazig, Türkiye.
3
Firat University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Elazig, Türkiye.
4
Firat University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology. Elazig, Türkiye.
5
Dicle University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology. Diyarbakir, Türkiye.
*Corresponding author: mtanrisever@rat.edu.tr
Local Bovine Amniotic Fluid and osseointegration / Istek et al. ______________________________________________________________________

INTRODUCTION

in the amniotic cavity, and it allows the fetus to grow and move freely in
the womb, softening sudden impacts or movements, protecting it from

mother and fetus [1

relative amounts can change during pregnancy [
carbohydrates, fats, amino acids, enzymes, hormones, and pigments
[3

mesenchymal cells [


[
play an important role in human embryo growth and development [6].


studies in humans [, 8].
Bos taurus
].




l concern.

connection between bone tissue and the implant surface. The use of
titanium endosseous dental implants in the rehabilitation of partially
or fully edentulous patients is an alternative for restoring function and
aesthetics [10
after implantation [11, ]. Therefore, given the large number of titanium

millions of failure cases [13
implants, studies have been carried out to accelerate osseointegration
with different technologies and manufacturing methods [
this ambition, studies have reported that hormone replacement therapy,
bisphosphonates, and intermittent administration of parathormone
ects [10].


supplementation and hormone replacement, have been reported
to improve the success and survival rates of dental implants [].

and melatonin supplementation on the osseointegration of implants
have found promising results in animal models, but more research is
needed to evaluate their effectiveness in human [16, ].


factors, on bone healing and bone implant fusion.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Animals and study design





ing rooms.



used. The cleaning process was completed by autoclave.

Rattus norvegicus
of the study, vaginal smears were performed, and rats in the same






were installed in each rat with no additional treatment.





analysis after decalc
Collection of bovine amniotic uid (BAF)








being allowed to dissolve at room temperature f
Surgical procedures












the corticocancellous bone of the tibial metaphysis. Meanwhile, a


length titanium implants were then inserted through the locating region.







 the rats.
Histomorphometric measurements

full anesthesia. The tibias were dissected, and the implants were
FIGURE 1. Black line: Bone implant connect lenght, *: Periimplant bone. ⁑: Bone
marrov. Bone Implant Connection Ratio (%): Implant surface contacting bone /
Total implant surface. PBF (Peri–implant bone formation): Total bone area/ Region
of interest area.
TABLE I
Histologic BIC and PIB of the groups after the hematoxylin–eosin staining
Parameters Groups N Mean Std. Dev. P*
BIC (%)
Amnion 10 45.2 7.7
0.11
Control 10 40.3 4.9
PBF (%)
Amnion 10 40.5 5.7
0.83
Control 10 39.9 6.3
P>0,05; P
1
=0,11, P
2
=0,83. * Student t Test. Statistically signicant dierences was not
detected between the groups. BIC: Bone implant contact. PBF: Periimplant Bone Formation
_____________________________________________________________________________Revista Cientifica, FCV-LUZ / Vol. XXXIV, rcfcv-e34417
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
the experimental specimens to be obtained. The specimens were
mperature.
Osseointegrated implants and the surrounding bone tissue were



surrounding tissue softened, the implants were carefully removed from





 Hematoxylin and eosin staining was preferred because it is a

hematoxylin and eosin can be used safely in measurements regarding
the interaction of bone tissue with the implant surface.
To analyze the bone tissue, histological staining was performed



 Medicine.
The histomorphometric analysis was measured using a software



part of the implant in contact with the bone to the entire implant
surface [10, 18, 
bone formed in the area around the implant and was calculated
separately for each sample in a region of interest created at a distance


for the histomorphometric analysis.
Statistical analysis




P
accepted as the value of statistical sig
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS





PP




PP


to the thread shapes of the implants, but no inflammation was
detected in the parts where the implant and bone tissue came into
contact. However, all of the analyzed implants were osseointegrated.


Osseointegration, which involves the interaction between the bone

[18]. High levels of osseointegration play an important role in the
16]. Therefore, one of

discover methods that stimulate and accelerate osseointegration
[
histological evaluation and histomorphometry can be performed by
mals [18].

especially to overcome failures in poor bone quality and thus shorten
the loading time of dental and orthopedic implants [


in conventional implant placement protocols play a role in enhancing

FIGURE 2. Decalcied histologic images of the local Bovine Amniotic Fluid Group
(4×, ×:10, hematoxylin–eosin, *: Bone Tissue). Black line: non–bone connect area.
Green Line: Implant surface connecting bone. Bone Implant Connection Ratio (%):
Implant surface contacting bone / Total implant surface. PBF (Peri–implant bone
formation): Total bone area/ Region of interest area
FIGURE 3. Decalcified histologic images of the Sham Control Group (4×, ×:10,
hematoxylin–eosin, *: Bone Tissue). Black line: non–bone connect area. Green Line:
Implant surface connecting bone. Bone Implant Connection Ratio (%): Implant
surface contacting bone / Total implant surface. PBF (Peri–implant bone formation):
Total bone area/ Region of interest area
Local Bovine Amniotic Fluid and osseointegration / Istek et al. ______________________________________________________________________

dental implants [
coatings on implant surfaces promote osseointegration [].


from experimental studies investigating and comparing the effects

Therefore, based on preclinical studies evaluating the effects of


osseointegration in the tibias of rats through descriptive histological
and histomorphometric analyses.


ruminant animals [, ]. Osteoblast matrix synthesis can be stimulated
]. To increase bone formation around



osteogenic coating on implant surfaces, have been suggested [

osseointegration, as previous studies have shown that the bone

cells [18, 

important growth factor for bone formation and healing [

whose derived cells can give rise to a variety of differentiated cells,
including adipose, muscle, bone, and neuronal lineages.

superiority was determined between the test and control groups

detected. This may be due to the regenerative capaci
et al. examined guided bone regeneration


rols [].
et al. reported that this result may be due to the fact that

hyaluronic acid, and growth factors, increases the healing of bone
tissue [18, , ].
et al. reported that local bovine



using histopathological methods [].
CONCLUSION




further experimental studies are needed to assess the role of using
 implants.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT


which used in this study.
Funding
There is no funding.
Ethics approval and consent to participate




_____________________________________________________________________________Revista Cientifica, FCV-LUZ / Vol. XXXIV, rcfcv-e34417

Conict of interest
 interest.
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

 



 




 

acid on cartilage tissue in an experimental osteoarthritic rabbit
model: Histopathological and immunohistochemical results.


 


 


 



 

 
in vitro


doi: 
 
6

6
Nb


 



 




 In vivo
osseointegration of dental implants with an antimicrobial peptide


 

in vivo experimental


 




 
osseointegration: Elaboration of the relationship among


 



 

stem cells accelerate and increase implant osseointegration in

doi: 
 




 



 



 




 



 
during human amniotic fluid stem cell differentiation into

doi: 
Local Bovine Amniotic Fluid and osseointegration / Istek et al. ______________________________________________________________________
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




 




 

Rattus norvegicus
