Cirugía plástica periodontal con aloinjerto de matriz dérmica acelular

• Carlos Martin Ardila

Palabras clave: recesión gingival, injertos, cirugía plástica periodontal

Resumen

El tratamiento de recesiones gingivales ha sido una terapia frecuente en periodoncia. Muchos pacientes presentan múltiples recesiones de tejido marginal que requieren tratamiento pero la anatomía del paladar puede limitar la cantidad de tejido autógeno que se necesita, restringiendo el número de procedimientos que pueden ser realizados. Este artículo presenta el reporte del caso de un paciente con escasa banda de encía insertada y queratinizada, además de recesiones múltiples, utilizando un aloinjerto de matriz dérmica acelular para corregir estos defectos muco gingivales. Posterior a la elevación de un colgajo dividido se ubicó la matriz dérmica sobre la recesión y a continuación esta fue cubierta por el colgajo desplazado coronalmente. A los 6 meses postoperatorios, la cantidad de encía insertada fue aproximadamente de 2.5 mm, la encía se encontraba firmemente adherida y se observaba mayor espesor del tejido gingival comparado con los niveles iniciales. El cubrimiento de las recesiones fue del 100%. Dentro de los límites de este reporte y basado en estudios previos, se puede concluir que el aloinjerto de matriz dérmica acelular puede ser una técnica predecible y reduce la necesidad de cirugías múltiples para cubrir recesiones gingivales.

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