Validación semiológica y predictiva de un modelo animal de alteraciones orofaciales inducidas por radiación.
Resumen
Objetivo: Validar semiológicamente un modelo animal de cambios clínicos orofaciales en ratas tratadas con melatonina sometidas a radiación ionizante en la región mandibular. Metodología: ratas Sprague Dawley fueron sometidas a una sesión única de radiación de 50 Gy, siendo un grupo tratado con 50mg/kg de melatonina 30 minutos antes y después de la radiación mientras que otro grupo fue tratado con vehículo (Buffer fosfato salino) como control. De 1, 5 a 6 semanas después, se evaluó la presencia de los cambios clínicos de la mucosa oral postradiación. Resultados: Ambos grupos de animales irradiados evidenciaron pérdida de peso en la primera semana postradiación, al igual que signos de mucositis, xerostomía y alopecia. Los signos más graves de mucositis se presentaron en la primera semana, lo cual se correlaciona directamente con la pérdida de peso; disminuyendo progresivamente hasta estar ausente al final de la evaluación. La melatonina tiende a retardar el desarrollo de la xerostomía, así como también la alopecia entre los grupos irradiados, sin embargo no fue estadísticamente significativa. Conclusión: el modelo animal empleado fue capaz de reproducir lo que ocurre en pacientes sujetos a radioterapia, sugiriéndose como un modelo predictivo y valido para el estudio de la fisiopatología de los efectos secundarios causados por radiación.Descargas
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